Dugan A S, Eash S, Atwood W J
Graduate Program in Pathobiology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA.
Transpl Infect Dis. 2006 Jun;8(2):62-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-3062.2006.00153.x.
BK virus (BKV) is a small, non-enveloped, double-stranded DNA virus and a member of the Polyomaviridae family. As the recently recognized etiologic agent of polyomavirus-associated nephropathy, the events involved in BKV invasion of host cells are an important area of study. Using cell culture models, the mechanism by which BKV infects permissive hosts to gain access to the replication machinery within these cells is beginning to unfold. BKV uses an N-linked glycoprotein containing an alpha(2,3)-linked sialic acid as a receptor. After this initial attachment, BKV enters cells through caveolae-mediated endocytosis. Intracellular trafficking via cellular cytoskeletal components follows this relatively slow and cholesterol-dependent internalization. BKV must reach the nucleus for viral transcription and replication to occur. Elucidating the steps of the early viral lifecycle would provide clues to help explain the infectious spread and pathology of this human pathogen.
BK病毒（BKV）是一种小型、无包膜的双链DNA病毒，属于多瘤病毒科。作为最近被认可的多瘤病毒相关肾病的病原体，BK病毒侵入宿主细胞所涉及的事件是一个重要的研究领域。利用细胞培养模型，BK病毒感染允许性宿主以进入这些细胞内复制机制的机制正开始被揭示。BK病毒使用一种含有α（2,3）-连接唾液酸的N-连接糖蛋白作为受体。在这种初始附着之后，BK病毒通过小窝介导的内吞作用进入细胞。通过细胞细胞骨架成分的细胞内运输跟随这种相对缓慢且依赖胆固醇的内化过程。BK病毒必须到达细胞核才能发生病毒转录和复制。阐明病毒早期生命周期的步骤将为解释这种人类病原体的感染传播和病理学提供线索。
