Delgado Sánchez Ana, Bellón Saameño Juan Angel, Martínez-Cañavate López-Montes María Teresa, Luna del Castillo Juan de Dios, López Fernández Luis Andrés, Lardelli Claret Pablo
Agencia de Calidad Sanitaria de Andalucía, Sevilla, España.
Aten Primaria. 2006 May 31;37(9):489-97. doi: 10.1157/13089089.
To create and validate a tool to assess the organizational climate (OC) perceived by general practitioners (GP).
Descriptive, cross-sectional, and multi-site, study.
Health centres (HC) in Jaén and Málaga province Spain.
Random sample of 38 HCs and 387 GPs.
A self-administered questionnaire in March 2001, with the personal variables of sex, age, graduation date, specialty, kind of contract, time worked in primary care teams, time in current job, list size, case load, tutor of residents and academic qualification. HC variables: urban/rural, team structure, accreditation for teaching residents, service portfolio, out-patient care, and an OC scale of 40 Likert-like questions. We analysed the content validity of the scale by factorial analysis; and its reliability, by Cronbach's alpha and corrected scale-item correlation coefficients.
Reply rate was 89.8%, 71% of the GPs were male, mean age was 44, 76% had tenure, and 37% were specialists in family medicine and 28% tutors, 17% with 3rd-year residents, 9% with doctors; 50% of HCs were rural and the mean team structure had 13 GPs and 4 paediatricians. We obtained 12 factors that explained 60% of variance, and 7 factors with reliability coefficients >0.50. We made an OC-positive scale (alpha=.82) with the dimensions for team-work, cohesion and social life; and another OC-negative scale (alpha=.78) composed of team conflict, perceived team failure, excess autonomy, authoritarian management, and GP-nurse tension.
We found a questionnaire with good validity and reliability, which was useful for evaluating the OC perceived by GPs.
创建并验证一种工具，以评估全科医生（GP）所感知的组织氛围（OC）。
描述性、横断面、多地点研究。
西班牙哈恩省和马拉加省的健康中心（HC）。
38个健康中心和387名全科医生的随机样本。
2001年3月的一份自填式问卷，包含性别、年龄、毕业日期、专业、合同类型、在基层医疗团队工作的时间、当前工作时间、患者名单规模、工作量、住院医师导师情况和学历等个人变量。健康中心变量：城乡、团队结构、住院医师教学认证、服务组合、门诊护理，以及一个由40个类似李克特量表问题组成的组织氛围量表。我们通过因子分析分析了该量表的内容效度；通过克朗巴哈系数和校正后的量表项目相关系数分析了其信度。
回复率为89.8%，71%的全科医生为男性，平均年龄为44岁，76%有任期，37%是家庭医学专科医生，28%是导师，17%带三年级住院医师，9%带医生；50%的健康中心位于农村，平均团队结构有13名全科医生和4名儿科医生。我们得到了12个解释60%方差的因子，以及7个信度系数>0.50的因子。我们制作了一个组织氛围积极量表（α = 0.82），其维度包括团队合作、凝聚力和社交生活；以及另一个组织氛围消极量表（α = 0.78），由团队冲突、感知到的团队失败、过度自主权、独裁管理和全科医生与护士之间的紧张关系组成。
我们发现了一个效度和信度良好的问卷，可用于评估全科医生所感知的组织氛围。
