酒精摄入量、饮酒模式与饮料类型以及2型糖尿病风险

Alcohol intake, consumption pattern and beverage type, and the risk of Type 2 diabetes.

作者信息

Hodge A M, English D R, O'Dea K, Giles G G

机构信息

Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, Carlton, Australia.

出版信息

Diabet Med. 2006 Jun;23(6):690-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2006.01864.x.

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-5491.2006.01864.x

PMID:16759314

Abstract

AIMS

To examine associations between amount and frequency of alcohol consumption, and Type 2 diabetes.

METHODS

A prospective study of 36 527 adults aged 40-69 at baseline. Incident cases of Type 2 diabetes were identified by questionnaire 4 years later. Sex-specific logistic regression models, adjusting for country of birth, dietary glycaemic index, energy intake and age, and in a second model body mass index (BMI) and waist-hip ratio (WHR), were used.

RESULTS

Diabetes status was ascertained for 31 422 (86%) participants, and 362 cases identified. Former drinkers had higher risks than lifetime abstainers. Female drinkers had lower risk than lifetime abstainers (ORs < 10 g/day 0.54, 95% CI 0.36-0.82; 10-19.9 g/day 0.57, 0.34-0.94; > or = 20 g/day 0.46, 0.24-0.88, P trend = 0.005). There was no relationship after adjustment for body size. For men, a weak inverse association was observed after adjustment for body size (ORs relative to lifetime abstainers: < 10 g/day 1.56, 0.95-2.55; 10-19.9 g/day 1.21, 0.69-2.10; 20-29.9 g/day 0.80, 0.40-1.60; = 30 g/day 0.86, 0.50-1.58, P trend = 0.036). Wine was the only beverage for which an inverse association was observed. Compared with men who did not drink in the week before baseline, men who drank > or = 210 g over 1-3 days had an increased risk of diabetes (OR 5.21, 1.79-15.19), while the same amount over more days did not increase risk.

CONCLUSIONS

Total alcohol intake was associated with reduced risk only in women. Alcohol from wine was associated with reduced risk of Type 2 diabetes. A high daily intake of alcohol, even on only 1-3 days a week, may increase the risk of diabetes in men.

摘要

目的

研究酒精摄入量及饮酒频率与2型糖尿病之间的关联。

方法

对36527名基线年龄在40 - 69岁的成年人进行前瞻性研究。4年后通过问卷调查确定2型糖尿病的发病病例。使用特定性别的逻辑回归模型，对出生国家、饮食血糖指数、能量摄入和年龄进行校正，在第二个模型中对体重指数（BMI）和腰臀比（WHR）进行校正。

结果

对31422名（86%）参与者确定了糖尿病状态，共识别出362例病例。既往饮酒者比终生戒酒者风险更高。女性饮酒者比终生戒酒者风险更低（每天饮酒量<10克时，比值比为0.54，95%置信区间为0.36 - 0.82；10 - 19.9克时，比值比为0.57，0.34 - 0.94；≥20克时，比值比为0.46，0.24 - 0.88，P趋势 = 0.005）。校正体型后无关联。对于男性，校正体型后观察到微弱的负相关（相对于终生戒酒者的比值比：每天饮酒量<10克时为1.56，0.95 - 2.55；10 - 19.9克时为1.21，0.69 - 2.10；20 - 29.9克时为0.80，0.40 - 1.60；≥30克时为0.86，0.50 - 1.58，P趋势 = 0.036）。葡萄酒是唯一观察到负相关的饮料。与基线前一周未饮酒的男性相比，在1 - 3天内饮用≥210克葡萄酒的男性患糖尿病的风险增加（比值比为5.21，1.79 - 15.19），而在更多天内饮用相同量葡萄酒则不会增加风险。