Wang J M, McKenna K E, Lee C
Department of Physiology, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, IL 60611.
Prostate. 1991;18(4):289-301. doi: 10.1002/pros.2990180403.
To study the neuronal and hormonal control of prostatic secretion, the prostatic urethra was cannulated in urethane anesthetized rats. The volume of prostatic secretion was measured following infusion of cholinergic and adrenergic agonists intact animals. Prostatic secretion was elicited by norepinephrine, phenylephrine and carbachol; but not by clonidine, isoproterenol, pilocarpine, or acetylcholine. Phenylephrine and norepinephrine infusions caused a high initial rate of secretion, which then declined rapidly. Carbachol infusion, in contrast, produced a low but constant rate of secretion that was maintained for up to 1 hour. Histological examination of the prostate revealed contraction of smooth muscle surrounding prostatic ducts after infusion of phenylephrine and norepinephrine, but not carbachol. Prostatic secretion was also measured in castrated rats supplemented with various doses of testosterone. Testosterone exerted a dose dependent control of prostatic weight and secretory volume. These results indicate 1) alpha 1 receptor agonists can cause contraction of smooth muscle to expel fluid from the rat prostate, 2) carbachol induces prostatic secretion through a mechanism other than contraction of gland, and 3) testosterone has a primary role in controlling prostatic size.
为研究前列腺分泌的神经和激素控制，在氨基甲酸乙酯麻醉的大鼠中对前列腺尿道进行插管。在完整动物中输注胆碱能和肾上腺素能激动剂后测量前列腺分泌量。去甲肾上腺素、苯肾上腺素和卡巴胆碱可引起前列腺分泌；但可乐定、异丙肾上腺素、毛果芸香碱或乙酰胆碱则不能。输注苯肾上腺素和去甲肾上腺素会导致较高的初始分泌速率，随后迅速下降。相比之下，输注卡巴胆碱会产生较低但恒定的分泌速率，且可持续长达1小时。前列腺的组织学检查显示，输注苯肾上腺素和去甲肾上腺素后前列腺导管周围的平滑肌收缩，但卡巴胆碱不会。还在补充了不同剂量睾酮的去势大鼠中测量了前列腺分泌。睾酮对前列腺重量和分泌量具有剂量依赖性控制作用。这些结果表明：1）α1受体激动剂可引起平滑肌收缩以排出大鼠前列腺中的液体；2）卡巴胆碱通过腺体收缩以外的机制诱导前列腺分泌；3）睾酮在控制前列腺大小方面起主要作用。
