Kmiec Beata, Woloszynska Magdalena, Janska Hanna
Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Cell Molecular Biology, University of Wroclaw, ul Przybyszewskiego 63/77, Wroclaw, Poland.
Curr Genet. 2006 Sep;50(3):149-59. doi: 10.1007/s00294-006-0082-1. Epub 2006 Jun 9.
Plant and animal mitochondrial genomes, although quite distinct in size, structure, expression and evolutionary dynamics both may exhibit the state of heteroplasmy--the presence of more than one type of mitochondrial genome in an organism. This review is focused on heteroplasmy in plants, but we also highlight the most striking similarities and differences between plant and animal heteroplasmy. First we summarize the information on heteroplasmy generation and methods of its detection. Then we describe examples of quantitative changes in heteroplasmic populations of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and consequences of such events. We also summarize the current knowledge about transmission and somatic segregation of heteroplasmy in plants and animals. Finally, factors which influence the stoichiometry of heteroplasmic mtDNA variants are discussed. Despite the apparent differences between the plant and animal heteroplasmy, the observed similarities allow one to conclude that this condition must play an important role in the mitochondrial biology of living organisms.
植物和动物的线粒体基因组，尽管在大小、结构、表达和进化动态方面有很大差异，但两者都可能表现出异质性状态——生物体中存在不止一种类型的线粒体基因组。本综述聚焦于植物中的异质性，但我们也强调了植物和动物异质性之间最显著的异同。首先，我们总结了关于异质性产生及其检测方法的信息。然后，我们描述了线粒体DNA（mtDNA）异质群体数量变化的实例以及此类事件的后果。我们还总结了目前关于植物和动物中异质性的传递和体细胞分离的知识。最后，讨论了影响异质mtDNA变体化学计量的因素。尽管植物和动物的异质性存在明显差异，但观察到的相似性使人们可以得出结论，这种情况必定在生物体的线粒体生物学中发挥重要作用。
