Dirtu Alin Constantin, Cernat Roberta, Dragan Doina, Mocanu Raluca, Van Grieken René, Neels Hugo, Covaci Adrian
Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University "A1.I. Cuza" of Iassy, R-700506 Iassy, Romania.
Environ Int. 2006 Aug;32(6):797-803. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2006.04.002. Epub 2006 Jun 9.
Human serum samples (n=142) from Iassy county (Eastern Romania) collected in 2005 were analyzed for p,p'-DDT and its metabolites, hexachlorobenzene, hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) isomers, chlordane and metabolites and 14 polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners. In all samples, p,p'-DDE (principal metabolite of p,p'-DDT) and beta-HCH (most persistent HCH isomer) were the most abundant organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) with median concentrations of 1975 and 923 ng/g lipid weight (lw), respectively. Hexachlorobenzene and p,p'-DDT were also detected in all samples, but at a lower median concentration of 30 and 340 ng/g lw, respectively. The large variation of the ratio p,p'-DDT/p,p'-DDE (range between 0.02 and 0.80) suggests various degrees of exposure to DDT, including recent exposure, at least to some subgroups of the population. Chlordane and its metabolites were in most cases close to the limit of quantification suggesting a very low use of chlordane formulations in Eastern Romania. Unexpectedly, PCBs were present in all samples at sometimes considerable levels (up to 4970 ng/g lw for sum of 14 PCB congeners) indicating a higher exposure of the Romanian population than previously reported. The PCB profile consisted of persistent congeners such as 138, 153, 170 and 180 which contributed for approximately 75% to the sum PCBs. Concentrations of most pollutants correlated significantly with age (r>0.86, p<0.01). Except for p,p'-DDT and gamma-HCH, the mean levels of OCPs in females were statistically higher than in males, while, except for octa-CBs, no gender differences were found for PCBs. Levels of p,p'-DDE, penta-CBs, hexa-CBs and hepta-CBs were significantly higher in individuals with a rural main residence. In a pooled serum sample, 6 polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) congeners were measured at a level of 1.04 ng/g lw. Compared to results available from Central and Eastern European countries, human serum samples from Romania contained higher levels of contamination. This emphasizes that an extensive and rigorous program for the monitoring of OCPs and PCBs in Romanian population is highly needed in the light of possible adverse health effects acknowledged for these pollutants.
对2005年从罗马尼亚东部雅西县采集的142份人血清样本进行了分析，检测其中对，对'-滴滴涕及其代谢物、六氯苯、六氯环己烷（HCH）异构体、氯丹及其代谢物以及14种多氯联苯（PCB）同系物。在所有样本中，对，对'-滴滴伊（对，对'-滴滴涕的主要代谢物）和β-六氯环己烷（最持久的六氯环己烷异构体）是含量最高的有机氯农药（OCP），中位浓度分别为1975和923纳克/克脂质重量（lw）。所有样本中也检测到了六氯苯和对，对'-滴滴涕，但中位浓度较低，分别为30和340纳克/克lw。对，对'-滴滴涕/对，对'-滴滴伊比值变化很大（范围在0.02至0.80之间），这表明不同人群对滴滴涕的接触程度不同，包括近期接触，至少部分亚人群是如此。氯丹及其代谢物在大多数情况下接近定量限，这表明罗马尼亚东部氯丹制剂的使用量非常低。出乎意料的是，所有样本中都含有多氯联苯，有时含量相当高（14种多氯联苯同系物总和高达4970纳克/克lw），这表明罗马尼亚人群的接触程度高于此前报告的水平。多氯联苯谱由138、153、170和180等持久性同系物组成，它们约占多氯联苯总和的75%。大多数污染物的浓度与年龄显著相关（r>0.86，p<0.01）。除对，对'-滴滴涕和γ-六氯环己烷外，女性体内有机氯农药的平均水平在统计学上高于男性，而除八氯联苯外，多氯联苯在性别上未发现差异。主要居住在农村的个体中，对，对'-滴滴伊、五氯联苯、六氯联苯和七氯联苯的水平显著更高。在一份混合血清样本中，检测到6种多溴二苯醚（PBDE）同系物，含量为1.04纳克/克lw。与中东欧国家的现有结果相比，罗马尼亚的人血清样本污染水平更高。鉴于已确认这些污染物可能对健康产生不利影响，这突出表明非常需要在罗马尼亚人群中开展一项广泛而严格的有机氯农药和多氯联苯监测计划。
