Lippi Giuseppe, Franchini Massimo, Salvagno Gian Luca, Guidi Gian Cesare
Dipartimento di Scienze Morfologico-Biomediche, Istituto di Chimica e Microscopia Clinica, Università Degli Studi di Verona, Verona, Italy.
Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci. 2006;43(4):349-91. doi: 10.1080/10408360600755313.
Competition is a natural part of human nature. Techniques and substances employed to enhance athletic performance and to achieve unfair success in sport have a long history, and there has been little knowledge or acceptance of potential harmful effects. Among doping practices, blood doping has become an integral part of endurance sport disciplines over the past decade. The definition of blood doping includes methods or substances administered for non-medical reasons to healthy athletes for improving aerobic performance. It includes all means aimed at producing an increased or more efficient mechanism of oxygen transport and delivery to peripheral tissues and muscles. The aim of this review is to discuss the biochemistry, physiology, and complications of blood doping and to provide an update on current antidoping policies.
竞争是人性的自然组成部分。用于提高运动成绩并在体育比赛中获取不公平优势的技术和物质由来已久，而人们对其潜在有害影响知之甚少，也未予以重视。在兴奋剂使用行为中，血液兴奋剂在过去十年已成为耐力运动项目的一个固有部分。血液兴奋剂的定义包括出于非医疗原因施用于健康运动员以提高有氧运动成绩的方法或物质。它涵盖所有旨在产生增强或更高效的氧气输送机制，将氧气输送到外周组织和肌肉的手段。本综述的目的是讨论血液兴奋剂的生物化学、生理学及并发症，并提供当前反兴奋剂政策的最新情况。
