University of Kansas.
J Appl Behav Anal. 1973 Spring;6(1):15-30. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1973.6-15.
In two independent parent training projects (Kansas and Mississippi), mothers of deviant young children were observed to follow almost all child behaviors with attention. The mothers were then trained to use differential attention procedures to increase their child's appropriate behaviors and to decrease deviant behaviors. Contrary to expectations, the differential attention procedure produced substantial increases in deviant behavior for four of the children. This adverse effect was maintained over many sessions and was replicated in single organism, reversal designs. A fifth child showed no change. A sixth child showed some improvement. However, this effect was not recovered in a second application of differential attention, and the child became worse. The results underline the importance of subject generality in applied behavior analysis and strongly suggest that service programs using operant techniques must carefully evaluate their effects on behavior.
在两个独立的父母培训项目（堪萨斯州和密西西比州）中，观察到有问题的幼儿的母亲几乎会一直关注孩子的所有行为。然后，对这些母亲进行了培训，以使用差异注意程序来增加孩子的适当行为并减少异常行为。与预期相反，对于其中四个孩子，差异注意程序导致异常行为大幅增加。这种不利影响在许多会议中得以维持，并在单一有机体、反转设计中得到了复制。第五个孩子没有变化。第六个孩子有所改善。然而，在第二次应用差异注意时，这种效果并没有恢复，孩子的情况变得更糟。结果强调了在应用行为分析中主体普遍性的重要性，并强烈表明，使用操作性技术的服务项目必须仔细评估其对行为的影响。
