社会惩罚对不服从行为的影响：与暂停和积极练习的比较。
The effects of social punishment on noncompliance: a comparison with timeout and positive practice.
作者信息
Doleys D M, Wells K C, Hobbs S A, Roberts M W, Cartelli L M
出版信息
J Appl Behav Anal. 1976;9(4):471-82. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1976.9-471.
Abstract
The effects of social punishment, positive practice, and timeout on the noncompliant behavior of four mentally retarded children were assessed in a multitreatment withdrawal design. When programmed, the experimental procedure occurred contigent on non-compliance to experimenter-issued commands. Commands were given at 55-sec intervals throughout each experimental session. The results showed (1) lower levels of noncompliance with social punishment than with the positive-practice or timeout conditions, and (2) that relatively few applications of social punishment were required to obtain this effect. The advantages of social punishment over other punishment procedures, considerations to be made before using it, and the various aspects of the procedure that contribute to its effectiveness were discussed.
摘要
采用多处理撤回设计，评估了社会惩罚、积极练习和暂停对四名智障儿童不服从行为的影响。当设定程序时，实验程序在儿童不服从实验者发出的指令时实施。在每个实验环节中，指令每隔55秒发出一次。结果表明：（1）与积极练习或暂停条件相比，社会惩罚下的不服从行为水平更低；（2）获得这种效果所需的社会惩罚应用次数相对较少。讨论了社会惩罚相对于其他惩罚程序的优势、使用前需要考虑的因素以及该程序有助于其有效性的各个方面。
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