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提高智障青少年对时事的口头表达能力。

Increasing mentally retarded adolescents' verbalizations about current events.

机构信息

Bureau of Child Research, University of Kansas.

出版信息

J Appl Behav Anal. 1973 Winter;6(4):621-30. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1973.6-621.

DOI:10.1901/jaba.1973.6-621
PMID:16795446
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1310880/
Abstract

The effects of antecedent and consequent events on the verbal behavior of three institutionalized mentally retarded adolescents were examined. Verbal statements, related to current national and international events, were recorded after exposures to television news programs. The study examined the accuracy of verbalizations as a function of: (1) exposures to television news presentations in massed (i.e., viewing the entire news program before an opportunity to describe it) versus distributed from (i.e., viewing each news item separately with each followed by an opportunity to describe it), and (2) contingent tokens and social praise for correct verbal responses (i.e., statements corresponding to news items presented). Both the temporal distribution of news presentations and the reinforcement procedures improved the accuracy of verbal statements emitted by the subjects.

摘要

本文考察了先行事件和后续事件对 3 名机构内智障青少年言语行为的影响。在观看电视新闻节目后，记录了与当前国内外事件相关的言语陈述。研究考察了言语准确性作为以下因素的函数：（1）集中（即在有机会描述之前观看整个新闻节目）与分散（即分别观看每个新闻项目，每个项目后都有机会描述）暴露于电视新闻节目；（2）对正确言语反应的定比代币和社会赞扬（即与呈现的新闻项目相对应的陈述）。新闻呈现的时间分布和强化程序都提高了被试者言语陈述的准确性。

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本文引用的文献

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The effects of receptive language training on articulation.接受性语言训练对发音的影响。
J Appl Behav Anal. 1971 Winter;4(4):291-8. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1971.4-291.
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Receptive training of adjectival inflections in mental retardates.弱智儿童形容词屈折变化的接受性训练。
J Appl Behav Anal. 1971 Summer;4(2):129-39. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1971.4-129.
3
Achievement Place: modification of the behaviors of pre-delinquent boys within a token economy.成就地点：代币经济制度内对问题少年行为的修正。
J Appl Behav Anal. 1971 Spring;4(1):45-59. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1971.4-45.
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Modification of the frequency of descriptive adjectives in the speech of Head Start children through modeling without reinforcement.通过无强化示范来改变“开端计划”儿童言语中描述性形容词的使用频率。
J Appl Behav Anal. 1971 Spring;4(1):19-22. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1971.4-19.
5
Inappropriate speech in a severely retarded child: a case study in language conditioning and generalization.严重智障儿童的不当言语：语言条件作用和泛化的案例研究。
J Appl Behav Anal. 1970 Winter;3(4):299-307. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1970.3-299.
6
Training generative verb usage by imitation and reinforcement procedures.通过模仿和强化程序训练生成动词用法。
J Appl Behav Anal. 1970 Winter;3(4):273-87. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1970.3-273.
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Teachers and parents as researchers using multiple baseline designs.教师和家长作为研究者使用多基线设计。
J Appl Behav Anal. 1970 Winter;3(4):247-55. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1970.3-247.
8
Application of timeout from positive reinforcement for increasing the efficiency of speech training.应用正强化的时距控制来提高言语训练的效率。
J Appl Behav Anal. 1969 Fall;2(3):199-205. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1969.2-199.
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Reinforcing capabilities of television distortion.增强电视失真的能力。
J Appl Behav Anal. 1969 Summer;2(2):139-41. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1969.2-139.
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A functional analysis of receptive language and productive speech: acquisition of the plural morpheme.接受性语言和生成性言语的功能分析：复数词素的习得。
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