Powell Craig M, Miyakawa Tsuyoshi
Department of Neurology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390-8813, USA.
Biol Psychiatry. 2006 Jun 15;59(12):1198-207. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.05.008.
Animal models are extremely useful tools in defining pathogenesis and treatment of human disease. Creating adequate animal models of complex neuropsychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia represents a particularly difficult challenge. In the case of schizophrenia, little is certain regarding the etiology or pathophysiology of the human disease. In addition, many symptoms of the disorder are difficult to measure directly in rodents. These challenges have not daunted neuroscientists who are capitalizing on even subtle overlaps between this uniquely human disorder and rodent behavior. In this perspective, we detail the features of ideal animal models of schizophrenia, the potential utility of such models, and the rodent behaviors used to model certain aspects of schizophrenia. The development of such models will provide critical tools to understand the pathogenesis of schizophrenia and novel insights into therapeutic approaches to this complex disorder.
动物模型是确定人类疾病发病机制和治疗方法的极为有用的工具。创建诸如精神分裂症等复杂神经精神疾病的合适动物模型是一项特别艰巨的挑战。就精神分裂症而言，关于这种人类疾病的病因或病理生理学几乎没有定论。此外，该疾病的许多症状在啮齿动物中很难直接测量。这些挑战并没有吓倒神经科学家，他们正在利用这种独特的人类疾病与啮齿动物行为之间即使是细微的重叠。从这个角度出发，我们详细阐述了精神分裂症理想动物模型的特征、此类模型的潜在用途以及用于模拟精神分裂症某些方面的啮齿动物行为。此类模型的开发将为理解精神分裂症的发病机制提供关键工具，并为治疗这种复杂疾病的方法带来新的见解。
