Gallo William T, Bradley Elizabeth H, Dubin Joel A, Jones Richard N, Falba Tracy A, Teng Hsun-Mei, Kasl Stanislav V
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Yale University School of Medicine, One Church Street, 7th Floor, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2006 Jul;61(4):S221-8. doi: 10.1093/geronb/61.4.s221.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between involuntary job loss among workers nearing retirement and long-term changes in depressive symptoms.
Analyzing data from the first four waves (1992-1998) of the Health and Retirement Survey, we used longitudinal multiple regression in order to assess whether involuntary job loss between Wave 1 and Wave 2 was associated with depressive symptoms at Wave 3 and Wave 4. The study sample included 231 workers who had experienced job loss in the Wave 1-Wave 2 interval and a comparison group of 3,324 nondisplaced individuals. We analyzed the effect of job loss on depressive symptoms both in the full study sample and in subsamples determined by wealth.
Among individuals with below median net worth, Wave 1-Wave 2 involuntary job loss was associated with increased depressive symptoms at Wave 3 and Wave 4. We found no effect of involuntary job loss for high net worth individuals at the later survey waves.
Our findings identify older workers with limited wealth as an important group for which the potential effect of involuntary job separation in the years preceding retirement is ongoing (enduring) adverse mental health.
本研究旨在调查临近退休的工人非自愿失业与抑郁症状长期变化之间的关联。
通过分析健康与退休调查前四波（1992 - 1998年）的数据，我们采用纵向多元回归来评估第一波和第二波之间的非自愿失业是否与第三波和第四波时的抑郁症状相关。研究样本包括231名在第一波至第二波间隔期间经历过失业的工人以及3324名未被取代的个体组成的对照组。我们在整个研究样本以及按财富确定的子样本中分析了失业对抑郁症状的影响。
在净资产低于中位数的个体中，第一波至第二波的非自愿失业与第三波和第四波时抑郁症状增加相关。在后期调查波次中，我们发现非自愿失业对高净资产个体没有影响。
我们的研究结果表明，财富有限的老年工人是一个重要群体，退休前几年非自愿离职的潜在影响是持续的（持久的）不良心理健康状况。
