Griffiths A, Cox T, Karanika M, Khan S, Tomás J M
Institute of Work, Health and Organisations (I-WHO), University of Nottingham, UK.
Occup Environ Med. 2006 Oct;63(10):669-75. doi: 10.1136/oem.2005.023671. Epub 2006 Jul 20.
To examine the factor structure, reliability, and validity of a new context-specific questionnaire for the assessment of work and organisational factors. The Work Organisation Assessment Questionnaire (WOAQ) was developed as part of a risk assessment and risk reduction methodology for hazards inherent in the design and management of work in the manufacturing sector.
Two studies were conducted. Data were collected from 524 white- and blue-collar employees from a range of manufacturing companies. Exploratory factor analysis was carried out on 28 items that described the most commonly reported failures of work design and management in companies in the manufacturing sector. Concurrent validity data were also collected. A reliability study was conducted with a further 156 employees.
Principal component analysis, with varimax rotation, revealed a strong 28-item, five factor structure. The factors were named: quality of relationships with management, reward and recognition, workload, quality of relationships with colleagues, and quality of physical environment. Analyses also revealed a more general summative factor. Results indicated that the questionnaire has good internal consistency and test-retest reliability and validity. Being associated with poor employee health and changes in health related behaviour, the WOAQ factors are possible hazards. It is argued that the strength of those associations offers some estimation of risk. Feedback from the organisations involved indicated that the WOAQ was easy to use and meaningful for them as part of their risk assessment procedures.
The studies reported here describe a model of the hazards to employee health and health related behaviour inherent in the design and management of work in the manufacturing sector. It offers an instrument for their assessment. The scales derived which form the WOAQ were shown to be reliable, valid, and meaningful to the user population.
检验一份用于评估工作和组织因素的新的特定情境问卷的因子结构、信度和效度。工作组织评估问卷（WOAQ）是作为制造业工作设计和管理中固有危害的风险评估和风险降低方法的一部分而开发的。
进行了两项研究。从一系列制造公司的524名白领和蓝领员工中收集数据。对描述制造业公司工作设计和管理中最常报告的失败情况的28个项目进行探索性因子分析。还收集了同时效度数据。对另外156名员工进行了信度研究。
采用方差最大化旋转的主成分分析揭示了一个强大的包含28个项目的五因子结构。这些因子被命名为：与管理层的关系质量、奖励与认可、工作量、与同事的关系质量以及物理环境质量。分析还揭示了一个更一般的汇总因子。结果表明该问卷具有良好的内部一致性、重测信度和效度。WOAQ因子与员工健康状况不佳以及健康相关行为的变化有关，可能是危害因素。有人认为这些关联的强度提供了一些风险估计。参与组织的反馈表明，WOAQ易于使用，并且作为其风险评估程序的一部分对他们有意义。
本文报道的研究描述了制造业工作设计和管理中对员工健康和健康相关行为的危害模型。它提供了一种评估这些危害的工具。构成WOAQ的量表被证明对用户群体可靠、有效且有意义。
