Lehéricy Stéphane, Marjanska Malgorzata, Mesrob Lilia, Sarazin Marie, Kinkingnehun Serge
Department of Neuroradiology, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47-83 boulevard de l'Hôpital, Paris 75651, Cedex 13, France.
Eur Radiol. 2007 Feb;17(2):347-62. doi: 10.1007/s00330-006-0341-z. Epub 2006 Jul 25.
A modern challenge for neuroimaging techniques is to contribute to the early diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Early diagnosis includes recognition of pre-demented conditions, such as mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or having a high risk of developing AD. The role of neuroimaging therefore extends beyond its traditional role of excluding other conditions such as neurosurgical lesions. In addition, early diagnosis would allow early treatment using currently available therapies or new therapies in the future. Structural imaging can detect and follow the time course of subtle brain atrophy as a surrogate marker for pathological processes. New MR techniques and image analysis software can detect subtle brain microstructural, perfusion or metabolic changes that provide new tools to study the pathological processes and detect pre-demented conditions. This review focuses on markers of macro- and microstructural, perfusion, diffusion and metabolic MR imaging and spectroscopy in AD.
神经成像技术面临的一个现代挑战是助力神经退行性疾病的早期诊断，如阿尔茨海默病（AD）。早期诊断包括识别痴呆前期状况，如轻度认知障碍（MCI）或具有发展为AD的高风险。因此，神经成像的作用超越了其排除其他病症（如神经外科病变）的传统作用。此外，早期诊断将允许使用当前可用疗法或未来的新疗法进行早期治疗。结构成像可以检测并追踪细微脑萎缩的时间进程，将其作为病理过程的替代标志物。新的磁共振技术和图像分析软件可以检测细微的脑微结构、灌注或代谢变化，这些变化为研究病理过程和检测痴呆前期状况提供了新工具。本综述重点关注AD中宏观和微观结构、灌注、扩散以及代谢磁共振成像和光谱学的标志物。
