Akpaffiong M J, Ruiz P
College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, Houston.
Psychiatr Q. 1991 Winter;62(4):299-309. doi: 10.1007/BF01958798.
One hundred and sixty psychiatric patients on Neuroleptics, with and without a history of substance abuse were daily monitored in order to establish the incidence of neuroleptic malignant syndrome in these two groups. Four (5.1%) of the cocaine abusers and none of the non-cocaine abusers developed neuroleptic malignant syndrome when treated with neuroleptics. Thus we argue that psychiatric patients with a history of cocaine abuse may be more at risk of developing neuroleptic malignant syndrome when treated with neuroleptics, possibly associated with the blockade of dopamine (D2-receptors) by neuroleptics and the activation of dopamine/5-HT receptors by cocaine-induced dopamine.
为确定两组情况，对160名服用抗精神病药物的精神病患者进行了每日监测，这些患者有或无药物滥用史。在使用抗精神病药物治疗时，4名（5.1%）可卡因滥用者出现了抗精神病药物恶性综合征，而无可卡因滥用史的患者无人出现该综合征。因此，我们认为有可卡因滥用史的精神病患者在使用抗精神病药物治疗时，可能更易发生抗精神病药物恶性综合征，这可能与抗精神病药物对多巴胺（D2受体）的阻断以及可卡因诱导的多巴胺对多巴胺/5-羟色胺受体的激活有关。
