Cardillo S, Seshadri P, Iqbal N
Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2006 May-Jun;10(3):99-106.
Adipocytokines are associated with insulin resistance and cardiovascular disease and can be modified with weight loss. While we previously demonstrated weight loss and a reduction in leptin in obese adults who followed a low-carbohydrate diet for 6 months, the long-term effects of this diet on adipocytokines are unknown.
132 obese adults with a body mass index of > or = 35 kg/m2 were randomized to receive one year of dietary counseling to follow either a low-carbohydrate diet < 30 g/day (LC) or a caloric-restricted diet (reduced by 500 calories/day with < 30% of calories from fat) (LF). Weight, leptin, adiponectin, TNF-alpha, CRP, and insulin were measured at 0, 6, and 36 months (24 months post-counseling). Follow-up data at was collected for 53 participants who returned at 36 months.
Mean weight change from baseline was not different between the groups at 36 months. Between 6 and 36 months weight was unchanged for LF, while LC appeared to regain weight [+ 4.84 +/- 35.6 kg (+ 3.0%)]. This difference, however, was not significant (p = 0.08). Leptin was unchanged in LF at both 6 and 36 months. In LC leptin decreased by 8.49 +/- 6.4 ng/mL or 22.7% at 6 months (p < 0.001) and increased by 10.68 +/- 25.2 ng/mL or 41.9% between 6 and 36 months (p = 0.02). There were no differences in insulin, adiponectin, TNF-alpha, or CRP between the groups.
Favorable changes in leptin that accompany weight loss are not sustained in individuals who followed a low-carbohydrate diet for one year. A low-carbohydrate diet had no significant effect on insulin, adiponectin, TNF-alpha, or CRP compared to a low-fat diet at 36 months.
脂肪细胞因子与胰岛素抵抗及心血管疾病相关，且可通过体重减轻而改变。虽然我们之前证明，遵循低碳水化合物饮食6个月的肥胖成年人体重减轻且瘦素水平降低，但这种饮食对脂肪细胞因子的长期影响尚不清楚。
132名体重指数≥35kg/m²的肥胖成年人被随机分配，接受为期一年的饮食咨询，以遵循每日碳水化合物摄入量<30g的低碳水化合物饮食（LC）或热量限制饮食（每天减少500卡路里，脂肪提供的热量<30%）（LF）。在0、6和36个月（咨询后24个月）测量体重、瘦素、脂联素、肿瘤坏死因子-α、C反应蛋白和胰岛素。对36个月时返回的53名参与者收集随访数据。
36个月时，两组间与基线相比的平均体重变化无差异。在6至36个月期间，LF组体重未变，而LC组似乎体重有所反弹[+4.84±35.6kg（+3.0%）]。然而，这种差异并不显著（p=0.08）。LF组在6个月和36个月时瘦素水平均未改变。LC组在6个月时瘦素水平下降了8.49±6.4ng/mL，即22.7%（p<0.001），在6至36个月期间增加了10.68±25.2ng/mL，即41.9%（p=0.02）。两组间胰岛素、脂联素、肿瘤坏死因子-α或C反应蛋白无差异。
遵循低碳水化合物饮食一年的个体，体重减轻伴随的瘦素有利变化未能持续。与低脂饮食相比，36个月时低碳水化合物饮食对胰岛素、脂联素、肿瘤坏死因子-α或C反应蛋白无显著影响。
