Roberts Marilyn C
Department of Pathobiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
Anaerobe. 2003 Apr;9(2):63-9. doi: 10.1016/S1075-9964(03)00058-1.
In general bacterial antibiotic resistance is acquired on mobile elements such as plasmids, transposons and/or conjugative transposons. This is also true for many antibiotic resistant anaerobic species described in the literature. Of the 23 different tetracycline resistant efflux genes identified, tet(B), tet(K), tet(L), and tetA(P) have been found in anaerobic species and six of the ten tetracycline resistant genes coding for ribosomal protection proteins, tet(M), tet(O), tetB(P), tet(Q), tet(W), and tet(32), have been identified in anaerobes. There are now three enzymes which inactivate tetracycline, of which the tet(X) has been identified in Bacteroides though is not functional under anaerobic growth conditions. A similar situation exists with the genes conferring macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin (MLS) resistance. Of the 26 rRNA methylase MLS resistant genes characterized, five genes; erm(B), erm(C), erm(F), erm(G), and erm(Q), have been identified in anaerobes. In contrast, no genes coding for MLS resistant efflux proteins or inactivating enzymes have been described in anaerobic species. This mini-review will summarize what is known about tetracycline and MLS resistance in genera with anaerobic species and the mobile elements associated with acquired tetracycline and/or MLS resistance genes.
一般来说，细菌的抗生素耐药性是通过质粒、转座子和/或接合转座子等可移动元件获得的。文献中描述的许多耐抗生素厌氧菌也是如此。在已鉴定的23种不同的四环素耐药性外排基因中，tet(B)、tet(K)、tet(L)和tetA(P)已在厌氧菌中发现，编码核糖体保护蛋白的10种四环素耐药基因中的6种，即tet(M)、tet(O)、tetB(P)、tet(Q)、tet(W)和tet(32)，也已在厌氧菌中鉴定出来。目前有三种使四环素失活的酶，其中tet(X)已在拟杆菌中鉴定出来，但在厌氧生长条件下无功能。赋予大环内酯-林可酰胺-链阳霉素（MLS）耐药性的基因也存在类似情况。在已鉴定的26种rRNA甲基化酶MLS耐药基因中，有5种基因；erm(B)、erm(C)、erm(F)、erm(G)和erm(Q)，已在厌氧菌中鉴定出来。相比之下，尚未在厌氧菌中描述编码MLS耐药性外排蛋白或失活酶的基因。本综述将总结关于厌氧菌属中四环素和MLS耐药性以及与获得性四环素和/或MLS耐药基因相关的可移动元件的已知情况。
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