Nadol Joseph B, Eddington Donald K
Department of Otology and Laryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass., USA.
Adv Otorhinolaryngol. 2006;64:31-49. doi: 10.1159/000094643.
The most common forms of severe hearing loss and deafness are related to morphological changes in the cochlea. Many individuals with such forms of hearing disorders have received cochlear implants. It has been assumed that preservation of spiral ganglion cells is important for success of cochlear implants. Preservation of ganglion cells is negatively correlated with the duration of the hearing loss. It has, however, not been possible to reveal a relationship between the degree of survival of spiral ganglion cells and performance of cochlear implants. It is important to understand the histopathological changes that follow cochlear implantation. Insertion of cochlear implants may cause trauma to the basilar membrane, the spiral lamina, and the spiral ligament. Rupture of the basilar membrane may occur. Over time, new bone forms at the cochleostomy and along the implant track. Further investigation is necessary to evaluate the causes of variability of behavioral measures of performance.
最常见的重度听力损失和耳聋形式与耳蜗的形态变化有关。许多患有此类听力障碍的个体已接受了人工耳蜗植入。人们认为，保留螺旋神经节细胞对人工耳蜗植入的成功很重要。神经节细胞的保留与听力损失的持续时间呈负相关。然而，尚未揭示螺旋神经节细胞的存活程度与人工耳蜗植入效果之间的关系。了解人工耳蜗植入后的组织病理学变化很重要。人工耳蜗的植入可能会对基底膜、螺旋板和螺旋韧带造成创伤。基底膜可能会破裂。随着时间的推移，在蜗窗和植入轨迹沿线会形成新骨。有必要进一步研究以评估行为表现测量结果变异性的原因。
