Killeen S D, Wang J H, Andrews E J, Redmond H P
Department of Academic Surgery, National University of Ireland (NUI)/University College Cork (UCC), Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland.
Br J Cancer. 2006 Aug 7;95(3):247-52. doi: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6603275.
The toll-like receptor (TLR) system constitutes a pylogenetically ancient, evolutionary conserved, archetypal pattern recognition system, which underpins pathogen recognition by and activation of the immune system. Toll-like receptor agonists have long been used as immunoadjuvants in anti cancer immunotherapy. However, TLRs are increasingly implicated in human disease pathogenesis and an expanding body of both clinical and experimental evidence suggests that the neoplastic process may subvert TLR signalling pathways to advance cancer progression. Recent discoveries in the TLR system open a multitude of potential therapeutic avenues. Extrapolation of such TLR system manipulations to a clinical oncological setting demands care to prevent potentially deleterious activation of TLR-mediated survival pathways. Thus, the TLR system is a double-edge sword, which needs to be carefully wielded in the setting of neoplastic disease.
Toll样受体（TLR）系统构成了一个在系统发育上古老、进化保守的原型模式识别系统，它是免疫系统识别病原体并激活免疫系统的基础。Toll样受体激动剂长期以来一直被用作抗癌免疫治疗中的免疫佐剂。然而，TLR越来越多地与人类疾病发病机制相关，越来越多的临床和实验证据表明，肿瘤形成过程可能会颠覆TLR信号通路以促进癌症进展。TLR系统的最新发现开辟了许多潜在的治疗途径。将此类TLR系统操作外推至临床肿瘤学环境时，需要谨慎行事，以防止TLR介导的生存途径被潜在有害激活。因此，TLR系统是一把双刃剑，在肿瘤疾病背景下需要谨慎使用。
