Gebbie Kristine M, Valas Joan, Merrill Jacqueline, Morse Stephen
Center for Health Policy, Columbia University School of Nursing, New York, New York 10032, USA.
Prehosp Disaster Med. 2006 May-Jun;21(3):173-82. doi: 10.1017/s1049023x00003642.
Public health agencies have been participating in emergency preparedness exercises for many years. A poorly designed or executed exercise, or an unevaluated or inadequately evaluated plan, may do more harm than good if it leads to a false sense of security, and results in poor performance during an actual emergency. At the time this project began, there were no specific standards for the public health aspects of exercises and drills, and no defined criteria for the evaluation of agency performance in public health.
The objective of this study was to develop defined criteria for the evaluation of agency performance.
A Delphi panel of 26 experts in the field participated in developing criteria to assist in the evaluation of emergency exercise performance, and facilitate measuring improvement over time. Candidate criteria were based on the usual parts of an emergency plan and three other frameworks used elsewhere in public health or emergency response.
The response rate from the expert panel for Delphi Round I was 74%, and for Delphi Round II was 55%. This final menu included 46 public health-agency level criteria grouped into nine categories for use in evaluating an emergency drill or exercise at the local public health level.
Use of the public health-specific criteria developed through this process will allow for specific assessment and planning for measurable improvement in a health agency over time.
公共卫生机构多年来一直在参与应急准备演练。如果设计或执行不当的演练，或者未经评估或评估不充分的计划导致产生虚假的安全感，并在实际紧急情况中表现不佳，那么其弊可能大于利。在本项目启动时，对于演练和演习的公共卫生方面没有具体标准，也没有用于评估机构在公共卫生方面表现的明确标准。
本研究的目的是制定用于评估机构表现的明确标准。
一个由该领域26位专家组成的德尔菲小组参与制定标准，以协助评估应急演练表现，并便于衡量随时间推移的改进情况。候选标准基于应急计划的常见部分以及公共卫生或应急响应其他地方使用的三个其他框架。
专家小组对第一轮德尔菲调查的回复率为74%，对第二轮的回复率为55%。这个最终清单包括46条公共卫生机构层面的标准，分为九类，用于评估地方公共卫生层面的应急演习或演练。
使用通过这一过程制定的公共卫生特定标准，将能够随着时间的推移对卫生机构进行具体评估和规划，以实现可衡量的改进。
