Chandra Ram, Singh Shail, Raj Abhay
Environmental Microbiology Section, Industrial Toxicology Research Centre, P.O. Box No. 80, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226001, UP, India.
Environ Monit Assess. 2006 Jul;118(1-3):393-406. doi: 10.1007/s10661-006-1508-4.
The seasonal physico-chemical and microbial quality of Gola river water has been analyzed after confluence of pulp paper mill waste. The study revealed that it has enhanced 20-30 times pollution load of BOD, COD, TDS, TSS, sulphate, chloride, sodium, nitrate, potassium, lignin and phenol after mixing of pulp paper mill waste with river water in all season. Further, it induced the bacterial growth by increasing most probable number value of E. coli was 1.57 x 10(4), 1.6 x 10(4), 1.37 x 10(4) and SPC count was 1.68 x 10(4), 1.64 x 10(4), 1.67 x 10(4)/100 ml during summer, monsoon, winter respectively. While the most probable number value in river water before mixing of pulp paper mill waste was 1.4 x 10(2), 1.82 x 10(2), 1.5 x 10(2) and SPC count was 2.8 x 10(3), 2.89 x 10(3), 2.78 x 10(3)/100 ml during summer, monsoon and winter respectively. This indicated from 88-114 fold increase in most probable number value of E. coli and 56.55-60.0 times increase in SPC count of river water after mixing of effluent in summer, monsoon and winter. Moreover, the most probable number value in effluent itself before mixing was 3.4 x 10(2), 3.3 x 10(2), 2.8 x 10(2) and SPC count was 6 x 10(4), 6.5 x 10(4), 6 x 10(4)/100 ml during summer, monsoon, winter, respectively. Furthermore, it was revealed that the seasonal variation also regulated the bacterial population dynamics as per the physico-chemical quality, in which E. coli was found highest at the rate of (5.9 x 10(4)), E. aerogenes (5.3 x 10(4)), P. aeruginosa (1.3 x 10(4)), S. aureus (3.2 x 10(3)), K. pneumoniae (2.6 x 10(4)), Enteritidis (1.1 x 10(4)) on monsoon season and V. cholerae (7.4 x 10(2)), V. vulnificus (9.2 x 10(2))/100 ml in river water when contaminated with pulp paper mill waste in monsoon season. Thus, the monsoon season showed presence of FC and TC indicated the thermo-tolerant and disease causing group of bacterial population in effluent and its sequence was observed as monsoon>summer>winter. This indicated the growth of many pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacteria for health hazards with contamination of pulp paper waste in aquatic ecosystem within the vicinity of pulp paper mill industry.
在纸浆造纸厂废水汇入后，对戈拉河河水的季节性物理化学和微生物质量进行了分析。研究表明，在所有季节里，纸浆造纸厂废水与河水混合后，其生化需氧量（BOD）、化学需氧量（COD）、总溶解固体（TDS）、总悬浮固体（TSS）、硫酸盐、氯化物、钠、硝酸盐、钾、木质素和苯酚的污染负荷增加了20至30倍。此外，通过增加大肠杆菌的最可能数（MPN）值诱导了细菌生长，夏季、季风季、冬季的大肠杆菌MPN值分别为1.57×10⁴、1.6×10⁴、1.37×10⁴，平板计数法（SPC）计数分别为1.68×10⁴、1.64×10⁴、1.67×10⁴/100毫升。而在纸浆造纸厂废水混合前，河水中的大肠杆菌MPN值夏季、季风季、冬季分别为1.4×10²、1.82×10²、1.5×10²，SPC计数分别为2.8×10³、2.89×10³、2.78×10³/100毫升。这表明在夏季、季风季和冬季，废水混合后河水中大肠杆菌的MPN值增加了88至114倍，SPC计数增加了56.55至60.0倍。此外，混合前废水中的大肠杆菌MPN值夏季、季风季、冬季分别为3.4×10²、3.3×10²、2.8×10²，SPC计数分别为6×10⁴、6.5×10⁴、6×10⁴/100毫升。此外，研究还表明，季节性变化也根据物理化学质量调节细菌种群动态，其中在季风季，河水中受纸浆造纸厂废水污染时，大肠杆菌的检出率最高，为（5.9×10⁴），产气肠杆菌为（5.3×10⁴），铜绿假单胞菌为（1.3×10⁴），金黄色葡萄球菌为（
