Cotter P A, Rodnick K J
Department of Biological Sciences, Idaho State University, Pocatello, ID 83209-8007, USA.
Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol. 2006 Oct;145(2):158-65. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2006.06.001. Epub 2006 Jun 7.
We compared electrocardiographic signals in hatchery-reared, non-spinally-transected, immature rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum) under clove oil (25 ppm), tricaine methanesulfonate (tricaine, 60 ppm), and benzocaine (108 ppm) general anesthesia (35 min, 14 degrees C). For all 3 anesthetics, the mean heart rate (HR) and QRS amplitude did not differ, and QRS duration and QT interval were independent of HR. Heart rate variability (HRV) was significantly (4-fold, P=0.032) higher under benzocaine than under clove oil and tricaine, but did not differ between clove oil and tricaine. QRS duration differed between groups (P<0.001, F=121); benzocaine anesthesia resulted in longer QRS complexes compared to clove oil (P<0.001) and tricaine (P<0.001) anesthesia, and QRS complexes under clove oil were longer than those under tricaine (P<0.001). High HRV and QRS amplitude variation with benzocaine were associated with HR oscillations as anesthetic exposure time increased, and suggest benzocaine toxicity which may influence cardiac function studies. Similar clove oil and tricaine ECG patterns suggest comparable autonomic effects, and maintenance of myocardial excitability. Given its low cost, ease of use, and similar ECG profiles to tricaine, clove oil is a viable alternative for studies of cardiac function in anesthetized rainbow trout.
我们比较了孵化场饲养的、未进行脊髓横切的未成年虹鳟（Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum）在丁香油（25 ppm）、甲磺酸三卡因（三卡因，60 ppm）和苯佐卡因（108 ppm）全身麻醉（35分钟，14摄氏度）下的心电图信号。对于所有三种麻醉剂，平均心率（HR）和QRS波幅没有差异，QRS波时限和QT间期与心率无关。苯佐卡因麻醉下的心率变异性（HRV）显著高于丁香油和三卡因麻醉下的HRV（4倍，P = 0.032），但丁香油和三卡因麻醉下的HRV没有差异。各组之间的QRS波时限存在差异（P<0.001，F = 121）；与丁香油麻醉（P<0.001）和三卡因麻醉（P<0.001）相比，苯佐卡因麻醉导致QRS波群更长，丁香油麻醉下的QRS波群比三卡因麻醉下的更长（P<0.001）。随着麻醉暴露时间的增加，苯佐卡因麻醉下高HRV和QRS波幅变化与心率振荡有关，提示苯佐卡因毒性可能影响心脏功能研究。丁香油和三卡因相似的心电图模式表明自主神经效应相当，且心肌兴奋性得以维持。鉴于其成本低、使用方便且心电图特征与三卡因相似，丁香油是麻醉虹鳟心脏功能研究的可行替代方案。
