Weickert Martin O, Reimann Manja, Otto Bärbel, Hall Wendy L, Vafeiadou Katherina, Hallund Jesper, Ferrari Marika, Talbot Duncan, Branca Francesco, Bügel Susanne, Williams Christine M, Zunft Hans-Joachim, Koebnick Corinna
German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany.
J Negat Results Biomed. 2006 Aug 14;5:11. doi: 10.1186/1477-5751-5-11.
Soy isoflavones show structural and functional similarities to estradiol. Available data indicate that estradiol and estradiol-like components may interact with gut "satiety hormones" such as peptide YY (PYY) and ghrelin, and thus influence body weight. In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial with 34 healthy postmenopausal women (59 +/- 6 years, BMI: 24.7 +/- 2.8 kg/m2), isoflavone-enriched cereal bars (50 mg isoflavones/day; genistein to daidzein ratio 2:1) or non-isoflavone-enriched control bars were consumed for 8 weeks (wash-out period: 8-weeks). Seventeen of the subjects were classified as equol producers. Plasma concentrations of ghrelin and PYY, as well as energy intake and body weight were measured at baseline and after four and eight weeks of each intervention arm.
Body weight increased in both treatment periods (isoflavone: 0.40 +/- 0.94 kg, P < 0.001; placebo: 0.66 +/- 0.87 kg, P = 0.018), with no significant difference between treatments. No significant differences in energy intake were observed (P = 0.634). PYY significantly increased during isoflavone treatment (51 +/- 2 pmol/L vs. 55 +/- 2 pmol/L), but not during placebo (52 +/- 3 pmol/L vs. 50 +/- 2 pmol/L), (P = 0.010 for treatment differences, independent of equol production). Baseline plasma ghrelin was significantly lower in equol producers (110 +/- 16 pmol/L) than in equol non-producers (162 +/- 17 pmol/L; P = 0.025).
Soy isoflavone supplementation for eight weeks did not significantly reduce energy intake or body weight, even though plasma PYY increased during isoflavone treatment. Ghrelin remained unaffected by isoflavone treatment. A larger and more rigorous appetite experiment might detect smaller differences in energy intake after isoflavone consumption. However, the results of the present study do not indicate that increased PYY has a major role in the regulation of body weight, at least in healthy postmenopausal women.
大豆异黄酮在结构和功能上与雌二醇相似。现有数据表明，雌二醇及类似雌二醇的成分可能与肠道“饱腹感激素”如肽YY（PYY）和胃饥饿素相互作用，从而影响体重。在一项针对34名健康绝经后女性（年龄59±6岁，体重指数：24.7±2.8kg/m²）的随机、双盲、安慰剂对照、交叉试验中，食用富含异黄酮的谷物棒（50mg异黄酮/天；染料木黄酮与大豆苷元比例为2:1）或不含异黄酮的对照棒，为期8周（洗脱期：8周）。其中17名受试者被归类为雌马酚产生者。在每个干预组的基线、四周和八周后测量血浆胃饥饿素和PYY浓度以及能量摄入和体重。
两个治疗期体重均增加（异黄酮组：0.40±0.94kg，P<0.001；安慰剂组：0.66±0.87kg，P = 0.018），治疗组间无显著差异。未观察到能量摄入有显著差异（P = 0.634）。异黄酮治疗期间PYY显著增加（51±2pmol/L对55±2pmol/L），而安慰剂治疗期间未增加（52±3pmol/L对50±2pmol/L），（治疗差异P = 0.010，与雌马酚产生无关）。雌马酚产生者的基线血浆胃饥饿素（110±16pmol/L）显著低于非雌马酚产生者（162±17pmol/L；P = 0.025）。
补充大豆异黄酮8周并未显著降低能量摄入或体重，尽管异黄酮治疗期间血浆PYY增加。胃饥饿素不受异黄酮治疗影响。一项规模更大、更严格的食欲实验可能会检测到食用异黄酮后能量摄入的较小差异。然而，本研究结果并未表明PYY增加在体重调节中起主要作用，至少在健康绝经后女性中如此。
