Goodwin Renee D, Friedman Howard S
Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
J Health Psychol. 2006 Sep;11(5):643-54. doi: 10.1177/1359105306066610.
The authors' objective was to determine the association between the 'big-five' personality traits and mental and physical disorders among adults in the United States. The Midlife Development in the United States Survey, a nationally representative sample of 3032 adults ages 25-74, was used to determine the association between the five-factor traits of personality and common mental and physical disorders. Findings are consistent with and extend previous results showing that conscientiousness is associated with significantly reduced likelihood of a wide range of mental and physical disorders among adults in the general population, and inversely that neuroticism is associated with increased rates. Among adults with physical illnesses, associations were found between personality and likelihood of physical limitations, especially conscientiousness. These findings provide a framework upon which research on complex causal processes may proceed. Thus future research attention might profitably be directed to conscientiousness-relevant processes, such as adherence to health and treatment recommendations and internalization of healthy societal norms for sensible health-related behavior.
作者的目标是确定美国成年人中“大五”人格特质与心理和身体疾病之间的关联。美国中年发展调查是一个具有全国代表性的样本，包含3032名年龄在25至74岁之间的成年人，该调查被用于确定人格五因素特质与常见心理和身体疾病之间的关联。研究结果与之前的结果一致且有所扩展，表明尽责性与普通人群中成年人患多种心理和身体疾病的可能性显著降低相关，相反，神经质与患病率增加相关。在患有身体疾病的成年人中，发现人格与身体受限的可能性之间存在关联，尤其是尽责性。这些发现为研究复杂因果过程提供了一个框架。因此，未来的研究注意力可能有益地指向与尽责性相关的过程，例如遵守健康和治疗建议以及将健康的社会规范内化为明智的健康相关行为。
