Hoenig Margarethe
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA.
Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2006 Sep;9(5):584-8. doi: 10.1097/01.mco.0000241668.30761.69.
Obesity is a new pandemic in humans associated with increased morbidity and mortality. A similar sharp increase has occurred in the number of obese cats in recent years. There are many reasons for this increase in both species; for cats, the main problems are unlimited access to a nutrient-dense diet and sedentary life style. Obesity is a major risk factor for diabetes whose prevalence has increased concomitantly. Cats develop a form of diabetes that is similar to type 2 in humans, characterized by islet amyloid and loss of beta-cell mass. The energy metabolism of cats and the pathophysiology of obesity and diabetes are being characterized in order to identify similarities and differences from humans and to recognize causative and protective factors for adverse sequelae to obesity and diabetes.
New approaches to the study of lipid and glucose metabolism in cats show that glucose metabolism is not as dissimilar and lipid metabolism is not as similar to that of humans as previously thought, perhaps explaining why cats do not develop the classic metabolic syndrome.
The cat is an excellent model for examining the pathophysiology and complications of obesity and diabetes.
肥胖是一种与人类发病率和死亡率增加相关的新型流行病。近年来，肥胖猫的数量也出现了类似的急剧增加。这两个物种肥胖率上升都有很多原因；对于猫来说，主要问题是可以无限制地获取营养丰富的食物以及久坐不动的生活方式。肥胖是糖尿病的主要危险因素，糖尿病的患病率也随之增加。猫患有一种与人类2型糖尿病相似的糖尿病，其特征是胰岛淀粉样变和β细胞数量减少。目前正在研究猫的能量代谢以及肥胖和糖尿病的病理生理学，以确定与人类的异同，并识别肥胖和糖尿病不良后果的致病因素和保护因素。
研究猫脂质和葡萄糖代谢的新方法表明，葡萄糖代谢与人类的差异并不像以前认为的那么大，脂质代谢与人类的相似性也没有那么高，这或许可以解释为什么猫不会患上典型的代谢综合征。
猫是研究肥胖和糖尿病病理生理学及并发症的优秀模型。
