Magalhães Queiroz Dulciene Maria, Luzza Francesco
Laboratory of Research in Bacteriology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
Helicobacter. 2006 Oct;11 Suppl 1:1-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1478-405X.2006.00429.x.
Differences may occur in the mode of transmission of Helicobacter pylori between developed and developing countries: direct human-to-human contacts have been suggested as the primary route in the former while the fecal-oral route, also, through contaminated water, in the latter. Data on intrafamilial transmission of H. pylori among children continue to be produced. The importance of low socioeconomic conditions on the acquisition of H. pylori infection has been confirmed in a number of population-based studies. Due to the improvement of living standards, the prevalence of the infection has fallen dramatically in many countries. It varies from 8.9 to 72.8% among children from developed and developing countries, respectively, the re-infection rate being also significantly higher in the latter. Conflicting data have been reported on the effect of breastfeeding against H. pylori colonization in infancy as well as on the occupational risk for acquiring H. pylori. This review summarizes recent results from the literature on these topics.
在前者中，人际直接接触被认为是主要传播途径，而在后者中，粪口途径，也包括通过受污染的水，被认为是主要传播途径。关于儿童幽门螺杆菌家庭内传播的数据仍在不断产生。一些基于人群的研究证实了低社会经济条件对幽门螺杆菌感染获得的重要性。由于生活水平的提高，许多国家该感染的患病率已大幅下降。发达国家和发展中国家儿童中的感染率分别从8.9%到72.8%不等，后者的再感染率也明显更高。关于母乳喂养对婴儿期幽门螺杆菌定植的影响以及感染幽门螺杆菌的职业风险，已有相互矛盾的数据报道。本综述总结了关于这些主题的文献最新结果。
