Alves Crésio, Meyer Isadora, Vieira Nara, Toralles Maria Betânia P, LeMaire Denise
Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Plínio Moscoso 222, 40157-190 Salvador, BA.
Arq Bras Endocrinol Metabol. 2006 Jun;50(3):436-44. doi: 10.1590/s0004-27302006000300005.
The genetic predisposition to type 1 diabetes (DM1) is associated with genes of the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system, specially the HLA-DR and -DQ. In Caucasians, the HLA-DR3 and -DR4 antigens are associated with susceptibility and the -DR2, with protection. In Brazil, a country with a large miscegenation of European Caucasians, Native Amerindians and African Blacks, the genetic basis of DM1 has not been adequately studied. The aim of this paper is to present a critical review of articles indexed in the MEDLINE and LILACS-BIREME data basis about the association of HLA with DM1 in Brazilians. Eight papers, all of them from the Southeast region, were found. Immunogenetic susceptibility to DM1 in Brazilians was associated with HLA-DRB103, -DRB04, -DQB10201, -DQB10302 alleles, and protection against DM1 was associated with HLA-DQB10602, -DQB10301 alleles and -DR2 and -DR7 antigens. Since the Brazilian population is not racially homogeneous, it is not possible to extrapolate studies from a single region to the remainder of the country. It is necessary to study populations from different regions to identify new associations or to strengthen associations with the ones already identified. This knowledge will contribute to future prophylactic or therapeutic interventions in the group of Brazilians at risk of developing DM1.
1型糖尿病（DM1）的遗传易感性与人类白细胞抗原（HLA）系统的基因有关，特别是HLA - DR和 - DQ。在白种人中，HLA - DR3和 - DR4抗原与易感性相关，而 - DR2与保护性相关。在巴西，这个欧洲白种人、美洲印第安人和非洲黑人大量混血的国家，DM1的遗传基础尚未得到充分研究。本文的目的是对MEDLINE和LILACS - BIREME数据库中索引的关于巴西人HLA与DM1关联的文章进行批判性综述。共找到8篇论文，均来自东南部地区。巴西人对DM1的免疫遗传易感性与HLA - DRB103、 - DRB04、 - DQB10201、 - DQB10302等位基因相关，而对DM1的保护作用与HLA - DQB10602、 - DQB10301等位基因以及 - DR2和 - DR7抗原相关。由于巴西人口并非种族同质，不可能将单一地区的研究推广至该国其他地区。有必要研究不同地区的人群，以确定新的关联或加强已确定的关联。这些知识将有助于对有患DM1风险的巴西人群进行未来的预防或治疗干预。
