儿童期和青少年期的五种人格连续性类型。

Five types of personality continuity in childhood and adolescence.

作者信息

De Fruyt Filip, Bartels Meike, Van Leeuwen Karla G, De Clercq Barbara, Decuyper Mieke, Mervielde Ivan

机构信息

Department of Developmental, Personality, and Social Psychology, Ghent University, H. Dunantlaan 2, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.

出版信息

J Pers Soc Psychol. 2006 Sep;91(3):538-52. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.91.3.538.

DOI:10.1037/0022-3514.91.3.538

PMID:16938036

Abstract

This study examines 5 types of personality continuity--structural, mean-level, individual-level, differential, and ipsative--in a representative population (N=498) and a twin and sibling sample (N=548) of children and adolescents. Parents described their children on 2 successive occasions with a 36-month interval using the Hierarchical Personality Inventory for Children (I. Mervielde & F. De Fruyt, 1999). There was evidence for structural continuity in the 2 samples, and personality was shown to be largely differentially stable. A large percentage had a stable trait profile indicative of ipsative stability, and mean-level personality changes were generally small in magnitude. Continuity findings were explained mainly by genetic and nonshared environmental factors.

摘要

本研究考察了具有代表性的儿童与青少年群体（N = 498）以及双胞胎与兄弟姐妹样本（N = 548）中的五种人格连续性——结构连续性、平均水平连续性、个体水平连续性、差异连续性和自比连续性。父母使用儿童分层人格量表（I. 梅尔维尔德和F. 德弗鲁伊特，1999年）在两个连续场合对其子女进行描述，两次描述间隔36个月。两个样本中均有结构连续性的证据，且人格在很大程度上表现出差异稳定性。很大比例的人具有表明自比稳定性的稳定特质概况，平均水平的人格变化幅度通常较小。连续性研究结果主要由遗传因素和非共享环境因素来解释。