Ayroles Julien F, Gibson Greg
Department of Genetics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.
Methods Enzymol. 2006;411:214-33. doi: 10.1016/S0076-6879(06)11011-3.
Analysis of variance (ANOVA) is an approach used to identify differentially expressed genes in complex experimental designs. It is based on testing for the significance of the magnitude of effect of two or more treatments taking into account the variance within and between treatment classes. ANOVA is a highly flexible analytical approach that allows investigators to simultaneously assess the contributions of multiple factors to gene expression variation, including technical (dye, batch) effects and biological (sex, genotype, drug, time) ones, as well as interactions between factors. This chapter provides an overview of the theory of linear mixture modeling and the sequence of steps involved in fitting gene-specific models and discusses essential features of experimental design. Commercial and open-source software for performing ANOVA is widely available.
方差分析（ANOVA）是一种用于在复杂实验设计中识别差异表达基因的方法。它基于在考虑处理组内和组间方差的情况下，检验两种或更多处理效应大小的显著性。方差分析是一种高度灵活的分析方法，使研究人员能够同时评估多个因素对基因表达变异的贡献，包括技术（染料、批次）效应和生物学（性别、基因型、药物、时间）效应，以及因素之间的相互作用。本章概述了线性混合模型的理论以及拟合基因特异性模型所涉及的步骤顺序，并讨论了实验设计的基本特征。用于执行方差分析的商业和开源软件广泛可用。
