Tan Jing, Cheng Si Min, Loganath Annamalai, Chong Yap Seng, Obbard Jeffrey Philip
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576, Singapore.
Chemosphere. 2007 Jan;66(6):985-92. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.07.052. Epub 2006 Sep 1.
The use of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) as flame retardants in Singapore is not strictly regulated; therefore these compounds can be readily found in furniture, electronic devices, and building materials. This study was the first of its kind to be conducted in Singapore to measure concentrations of PBDEs in house dust. Samples were collected from 31 homes in various locations across the island-state of Singapore, and a total eight PBDEs congeners were measured. PBDEs were detected in all 31 dust samples and the number of BDE congener detected per home ranged between 3 and 8. The most abundant BDE congeners found were BDE 47, 99 and 209, with a median value of 20 ng g(-1) dust, 24 ng g(-1) dust and 1000 ng g(-1) dust, respectively. BDE 209 contributed 88% to the median of all the congeners, and BDE 47 and 99 contributed 1.8% and 3.5%, respectively. Different congener profiles were observed between this and studies conducted elsewhere, which is consistent with the use of different commercial PBDE around the world. No significant correlations between PBDE dust levels and residential characteristics (number of TVs and computers, floor area or flooring material) were observed. The daily intake of PBDEs via the inhalation pathway was estimated. House dust may be regarded as the most important exposure route of PBDEs for children.
在新加坡，多溴二苯醚（PBDEs）作为阻燃剂的使用并未受到严格监管；因此，这些化合物在家具、电子设备和建筑材料中很容易被发现。本研究是在新加坡进行的同类研究中首次测量室内灰尘中多溴二苯醚的浓度。从新加坡这个岛国不同地点的31户家庭收集了样本，并测量了总共8种多溴二苯醚同系物。在所有31个灰尘样本中都检测到了多溴二苯醚，每户家庭检测到的BDE同系物数量在3至8种之间。发现含量最高的BDE同系物是BDE 47、99和209，中位数值分别为20 ng g(-1)灰尘、24 ng g(-1)灰尘和1000 ng g(-1)灰尘。BDE 209占所有同系物中位数的88%，BDE 47和99分别占1.8%和3.5%。在本研究与其他地方进行的研究之间观察到了不同的同系物分布情况，这与世界各地使用不同的商用多溴二苯醚是一致的。未观察到多溴二苯醚灰尘水平与居住特征（电视和电脑数量、建筑面积或地板材料）之间存在显著相关性。估计了通过吸入途径摄入多溴二苯醚的每日摄入量。室内灰尘可能被视为儿童接触多溴二苯醚的最重要途径。
