Peacey Victoria, Steptoe Andrew, Sanderman Robbert, Wardle Jane
Cancer Research UK Health Behaviour Unit, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
Prev Med. 2006 Dec;43(6):460-5. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2006.07.010. Epub 2006 Sep 1.
Sun protection behaviors are important to the prevention of skin cancers, but little is known about changes over time in attitudes and behavior.
Cross-sectional surveys were carried out among university students in thirteen European countries in 1990 (n = 10,241) and 2000 (n = 10,161). Sun protection behavior and beliefs about the importance of sunscreen use for health were measured.
There was little change in the proportion of men and women who sunbathed, but use of sun protection increased over the 10-year interval from 52% to 63% in men and 80% to 87% in women. There was wide variation in sun protection use and strength of health beliefs between countries. The association between strength of beliefs and behavior was more marked in 2000 than 1990. Sun protection behavior was positively associated with the socioeconomic background of participants.
The use of sunscreen increased among educated young Europeans from several countries over the 1990s, but important sex differences remain. Awareness of the risk to health of unprotected sunbathing is high, but there is scope of strengthening attitudes to sunscreen use.
防晒行为对于预防皮肤癌很重要，但对于态度和行为随时间的变化却知之甚少。
1990年（n = 10241）和2000年（n = 10161）在13个欧洲国家的大学生中进行了横断面调查。测量了防晒行为以及关于使用防晒霜对健康重要性的信念。
进行日光浴的男性和女性比例变化不大，但在这10年期间，男性使用防晒措施的比例从52%增加到63%，女性从80%增加到87%。各国之间在防晒措施的使用和健康信念的强度方面存在很大差异。信念强度与行为之间的关联在2000年比1990年更为明显。防晒行为与参与者的社会经济背景呈正相关。
在20世纪90年代，来自几个国家的受过教育的年轻欧洲人使用防晒霜的情况有所增加，但重要的性别差异仍然存在。对无防护日光浴健康风险的认识很高，但在加强对使用防晒霜的态度方面仍有空间。
