Shih Yu-Ling, Rothfield Lawrence
Department of Molecular, Microbial and Structural Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06032, USA.
Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 2006 Sep;70(3):729-54. doi: 10.1128/MMBR.00017-06.
In recent years it has been shown that bacteria contain a number of cytoskeletal structures. The bacterial cytoplasmic elements include homologs of the three major types of eukaryotic cytoskeletal proteins (actin, tubulin, and intermediate filament proteins) and a fourth group, the MinD-ParA group, that appears to be unique to bacteria. The cytoskeletal structures play important roles in cell division, cell polarity, cell shape regulation, plasmid partition, and other functions. The proteins self-assemble into filamentous structures in vitro and form intracellular ordered structures in vivo. In addition, there are a number of filamentous bacterial elements that may turn out to be cytoskeletal in nature. This review attempts to summarize and integrate the in vivo and in vitro aspects of these systems and to evaluate the probable future directions of this active research field.
近年来已表明，细菌含有多种细胞骨架结构。细菌细胞质成分包括三种主要类型真核细胞骨架蛋白（肌动蛋白、微管蛋白和中间丝蛋白）的同源物，以及第四类，即MinD-ParA类，这类似乎是细菌所特有的。细胞骨架结构在细胞分裂、细胞极性、细胞形状调控、质粒分配及其他功能中发挥重要作用。这些蛋白质在体外自组装成丝状结构，并在体内形成细胞内有序结构。此外，还有许多丝状细菌成分，其本质可能是细胞骨架。本综述试图总结和整合这些系统在体内和体外的情况，并评估这一活跃研究领域可能的未来发展方向。
