Lu Hong, While Alison E, Barriball K Louise
King's College London, Florence Nightingale School of Nursing and Midwifery, James Clerk Maxwell Building, 57 Waterloo Road, London SE1 8WA, England, UK.
Int J Nurs Stud. 2007 May;44(4):574-88. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2006.07.007. Epub 2006 Sep 7.
The widespread nursing shortage is of concern in Mainland China and globally. Factors underpinning the increased mobility of the nursing workforce and their contribution to nurses' turnover thus merit attention. Understanding nurses' job satisfaction is important, as this is a key factor in nurses' turnover.
The study aimed to explore nurses' views and experience regarding different components of their working lives in Mainland China.
A cross-sectional survey design was selected and 512 nurses working in the medical and surgical departments in two teaching hospitals in Beijing completed questionnaires yielding a response rate of 81%.
More than half of nurses (53.7%; n=275) were satisfied or very satisfied with their jobs and 15% (n=77) felt moderate to extreme occupational stress. The majority of the sample reported a high level of organizational commitment (63.7%; n=326) and professional commitment (85.9%; n=440) and only 5.9% (n=30) and 10.0% (n=51), respectively reported role conflict and role ambiguity often or very often. Nurses with a diploma or associate degree reported greater professional commitment and a lower level of role conflict than those with a bachelor degree (p<0.05), but there were no significant differences in job satisfaction, organizational commitment, occupational stress and role ambiguity by educational programme (p>0.05).
Hospital nurses' positive feelings regarding their working lives may be influenced by developments in the health care system and the nursing profession in Mainland China. Nurses' educational level is an influencing factor on nurses' views and experiences of their working lives with the findings suggesting the need to develop a clinical career ladder for nursing staff in Mainland China.
中国大陆乃至全球都面临着普遍的护理人员短缺问题。护理人员流动增加的背后因素及其对护士离职率的影响值得关注。了解护士的工作满意度很重要，因为这是护士离职的关键因素。
本研究旨在探讨中国大陆护士对其工作生活不同方面的看法和经历。
采用横断面调查设计，在北京两家教学医院的内科和外科工作的512名护士完成了问卷调查，回复率为81%。
超过一半的护士（53.7%；n = 275）对工作感到满意或非常满意，15%（n = 77）感到中度至极度职业压力。大多数样本报告有较高的组织承诺度（63.7%；n = 326）和专业承诺度（85.9%；n = 440），分别只有5.9%（n = 30）和10.0%（n = 51）报告经常或非常经常出现角色冲突和角色模糊。拥有文凭或副学士学位的护士比拥有学士学位的护士报告有更高的专业承诺度和更低的角色冲突水平（p < 0.05），但不同教育背景的护士在工作满意度、组织承诺度、职业压力和角色模糊方面没有显著差异（p > 0.05）。
中国大陆医院护士对其工作生活的积极感受可能受到中国大陆医疗保健系统和护理专业发展的影响。护士的教育水平是影响护士对其工作生活看法和经历的一个因素，研究结果表明中国大陆需要为护理人员建立临床职业晋升阶梯。
