Digges K, Eigen A
George Washington University, USA.
Annu Proc Assoc Adv Automot Med. 2006;50:141-53.
NASS/CDS 1995-2004 was used to classify rollovers according to severity. The rollovers were partitioned into two classes - rollover as the first event and rollover preceded by an impact with a fixed or non-fixed object. The populations of belted and unbelted were examined separately and combined. The average injury rate for the unbelted was five times that for the belted. Approximately 21% of the severe injuries suffered by belted occupants were in crashes with harmful events prior to the rollover that produced severe damage to the vehicle. This group carried a much higher injury risk than the average. A planar damage measure in addition to the rollover measure was required to adequately capture the crash severity of this population. For rollovers as the first event, approximately 1% of the serious injuries to belted occupants occurred during the first quarter-turn. Rollovers that were arrested during the 1 ( st ) quarter-turn carried a higher injury rate than average. The number of quarter-turns were grouped in various ways including the number of times the vehicle roof faces the ground (number of vehicle inversions). The number of vehicle inversions was found to be a statistically significant injury predictor for 78% of the belted and unbelted populations with MAIS 3+F injuries in rollovers. The remaining 22% required crash severity metrics in addition to the number of vehicle inversions.
1995年至2004年的国家汽车抽样系统/加拿大数据系统被用于根据严重程度对翻车事故进行分类。翻车事故被分为两类——首次发生的翻车事故以及在与固定或非固定物体碰撞后发生的翻车事故。分别对系安全带和未系安全带的人群进行了检查并汇总。未系安全带者的平均受伤率是系安全带者的五倍。系安全带乘客所受重伤中，约21%发生在翻车前伴有对车辆造成严重损坏的有害事件的碰撞事故中。这一组的受伤风险远高于平均水平。除了翻车测量指标外，还需要一个平面损伤测量指标来充分反映该人群的碰撞严重程度。对于首次发生的翻车事故，系安全带乘客约1%的重伤发生在第一个四分之一翻转过程中。在第一个四分之一翻转过程中停止的翻车事故的受伤率高于平均水平。四分之一翻转的次数以多种方式进行分组，包括车顶面向地面的次数（车辆翻转次数）。对于翻车事故中78%的受重伤医疗结局评价指标为3级及以上的系安全带和未系安全带人群，发现车辆翻转次数是一个具有统计学意义的受伤预测指标。其余22%的人群除了车辆翻转次数外，还需要碰撞严重程度指标。
