Toyofuku Hajime
Food Safety Department, WHO, 20 Ave Appia, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2006 Dec;52(12):1735-45. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2006.07.007. Epub 2006 Sep 18.
The Joint FAO/WHO/IOC ad hoc Expert Consultation on Biotoxins in Molluscan Bivalves performed risk assessments for a number of biotoxins present in bivalve molluscs. For performing risk assessments, the Expert Consultation categorized the biotoxins into eight distinct groups based on chemical structure. The Expert Consultation established LOAELs for the azaspiracid (AZA), okadaic acid (OA), saxitoxin (STX), and domoic acid (DA) toxin groups. The derived provisional acute RfDs for the AZA, OA, STX, and DA toxin groups were 0.04 microg/kg bw, 0.33 microg/kg bw, 0.7 microg/kg bw, and 100 microg/kg bw, respectively. For the yessotoxin (YTX) group, a NOAEL was established, based on animal studies. Applying a safety factor of 100, a provisional acute RfD of 50 microg/kg bw was suggested for the YTX group. The Expert Consultation considered that the database for cyclic imines, brevetoxins, and pectenotoxins was insufficient to establish provisional acute RfDs for these three toxin groups.
粮农组织/世卫组织/国际奥委会双壳贝类生物毒素问题特设专家磋商会对双壳贝类中存在的多种生物毒素进行了风险评估。为进行风险评估，专家磋商会根据化学结构将生物毒素分为八个不同类别。专家磋商会确定了氮杂螺旋酸（AZA）、冈田酸（OA）、石房蛤毒素（STX）和软骨藻酸（DA）毒素类别的最低观察到有害作用水平（LOAEL）。AZA、OA、STX和DA毒素类别的推导临时急性参考剂量分别为0.04微克/千克体重、0.33微克/千克体重、0.7微克/千克体重和100微克/千克体重。对于虾夷毒素（YTX）类别，根据动物研究确定了未观察到有害作用水平（NOAEL）。应用100的安全系数，建议YTX类别的临时急性参考剂量为50微克/千克体重。专家磋商会认为，环亚胺、短裸甲藻毒素和pectenotoxins的数据库不足以确定这三个毒素类别的临时急性参考剂量。
