Morrow Michelle L, Heesch Kristiann C, Dinger Mary K, Hull Holly R, Kneehans Allen W, Fields David A
Department of Health and Exercise Science, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, USA.
Obesity (Silver Spring). 2006 Aug;14(8):1438-43. doi: 10.1038/oby.2006.163.
The objective of this study was to investigate changes in body weight, BMI, body composition, and fat distribution among freshman women during their 1st year of college.
Freshman women during the 2004 to 2005 academic year were recruited to participate. The initial baseline visit occurred within the first 6 weeks of the fall 2004 semester, with the follow-up visit occurring during the last 6 weeks of the spring 2005 semester. At each visit, height, weight, BMI, waist and hip circumferences, and body composition (by DXA) were obtained.
One hundred thirty-seven participants completed both the fall and spring visits. Significant (p < 0.0001) increases between the fall and spring visits were observed for body weight (58.6 vs. 59.6 kg), BMI (21.9 vs. 22.3), percentage body fat (28.9 vs. 29.7), total fat mass (16.9 vs. 17.7 kg), fat-free mass (38.1 vs. 38.4 kg), waist circumference (69.4 vs. 70.3 cm), and hip circumference (97.4 vs. 98.6 cm), with no significant difference observed in the waist-to-hip ratio (0.71 vs. 0.71; p = 0.78).
Although statistically significant, changes in body weight, body composition, and fat mass were modest for women during their freshman year of college. These results do not support the purported "freshman 15" weight gain publicized in the popular media.
本研究的目的是调查大学一年级女生在其大学第一年期间体重、体重指数（BMI）、身体成分和脂肪分布的变化。
招募了2004至2005学年的大学一年级女生参与研究。首次基线访视在2004年秋季学期的前6周内进行，随访访视在2005年春季学期的最后6周内进行。每次访视时，测量身高、体重、BMI、腰围和臀围，并通过双能X线吸收法（DXA）测量身体成分。
137名参与者完成了秋季和春季访视。在秋季和春季访视之间，体重（58.6 vs. 59.6千克）、BMI（21.9 vs. 22.3）、体脂百分比（28.9 vs. 29.7）、总脂肪量（16.9 vs. 17.7千克）、去脂体重（38.1 vs. 38.4千克）、腰围（69.4 vs. 70.3厘米）和臀围（97.4 vs. 98.6厘米）均有显著增加（p < 0.0001），而腰臀比无显著差异（0.71 vs. 0.71；p = 0.78）。
尽管在统计学上有显著差异，但大学一年级女生的体重、身体成分和脂肪量变化不大。这些结果不支持大众媒体所宣扬的所谓“大一新生增重15磅”的说法。
