游泳的净能量消耗是否会影响个体在最大摄氧速度下的疲劳时间？

Does net energy cost of swimming affect time to exhaustion at the individual's maximal oxygen consumption velocity?

作者信息

Fernandes R J, Billat V L, Cruz A C, Colaço P J, Cardoso C S, Vilas-Boas J P

机构信息

Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, Swimming Department, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.

出版信息

J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2006 Sep;46(3):373-80.

PMID:16998440

Abstract

AIM

The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationship between time limit at the minimum velocity that elicits the individual's maximal oxygen consumption (TLim-v VO2max) and three swimming economy related parameters: the net energy cost corresponding to v VO2max (Cv VO2max), the slope of the regression line obtained from the energy expenditure (E) and corresponding velocities during an incremental test (C(slope)) and the ratio between the mean E value and the velocity mean value of the incremental test (C(inc)). Complementarily, we analysed the influence of Cv VO2max, C(slope) and C(inc) on TLim-v VO2max by swimming level.

METHODS

Thirty swimmers divided into 10 low-level (LLS) (4 male and 6 female) and 20 highly trained swimmers (HTS) (10 of each gender) performed an incremental test for v VO2max assessment and an all-out TLim-v VO2max test.

RESULTS

TLim-v VO2max, v VO2max, Cv fVO2max, C(slope) and C(inc) averaged, respectively, 313.8+/-63 s, 1.16+/-0.1 m x s(-1), 13.2+/-1.9 J x kg(-1) x m(-1), 28+/-3.2 J x kg(-1) x m(-1) and 10.9+/-1.8 J x kg(-1) x m(-1) in the LLS and 237.3+/-54.6 s, 1.4+/-0.1 m x s(-1), 15.6+/-2.2 J x kg(-1) x m(-1), 36.8+/-4.5 J x kg(-1) x m(-1) and 13+/-2.3 J x kg(-1) x m(-1) in the HTS. TLim-v VO2max was inversely related to C(slope) (r = -0.77, P < 0.001), and to v VO2max (r = -0.35, P = 0.05), although no relationships with the Cv VO2max and the C(inc) were observed.

CONCLUSIONS

The findings of this study confirmed exercise economy as an important factor for swimming performance. The data demonstrated that the swimmers with higher and v VO2max performed shorter time in TLim-v VO2max efforts.

摘要

目的

本研究旨在探讨引发个体最大摄氧量的最低速度下的时间限制（TLim-v VO2max）与三个游泳经济性相关参数之间的关系：对应v VO2max的净能量消耗（Cv VO2max）、递增测试期间能量消耗（E）与相应速度的回归线斜率（C(slope)）以及递增测试的平均E值与速度平均值之比（C(inc)）。作为补充，我们按游泳水平分析了Cv VO2max、C(slope)和C(inc)对TLim-v VO2max的影响。

方法

30名游泳运动员分为10名低水平游泳者（LLS）（4名男性和6名女性）和20名高水平训练游泳者（HTS）（男女各10名），进行v VO2max评估的递增测试和全力TLim-v VO2max测试。

结果

LLS组的TLim-v VO2max、v VO2max、Cv fVO2max、C(slope)和C(inc)的平均值分别为313.8±63秒、1.16±0.1米·秒⁻¹、13.2±1.9焦耳·千克⁻¹·米⁻¹、28±3.2焦耳·千克⁻¹·米⁻¹和10.9±1.8焦耳·千克⁻¹·米⁻¹，HTS组分别为237.3±54.6秒、1.4±0.1米·秒⁻¹、15.6±2.2焦耳·千克⁻¹·米⁻¹、36.8±4.5焦耳·千克⁻¹·米⁻¹和13±2.3焦耳·千克⁻¹·米⁻¹。TLim-v VO2max与C(slope)呈负相关（r = -0.77，P < 0.001），与v VO²max呈负相关（r = -0.35，P = 0.05），尽管未观察到与Cv VO2max和C(inc)的关系。