Rennie Kirsten L, Siervo Mario, Jebb Susan A
Northern Ireland Centre for Food and Health, University of Ulster, Coleraine, UK.
J Am Diet Assoc. 2006 Oct;106(10):1667-72. doi: 10.1016/j.jada.2006.07.014.
Underreporting is endemic in most dietary studies and ways to reliably identify individuals who may underreport energy intake are needed. Whether questions on self-reported dieting and dietary restraint, in addition to weight status, would identify individuals who may underreport energy intakes was examined in a United Kingdom representative survey. Mean daily energy intake was calculated from the 7-day dietary record of 668 men and 826 women. Reported physical activity was used to assign each subject's activity level and to calculate estimated energy requirements from published equations. Underreporting was calculated as estimated energy requirements minus energy intake with adjustment for daily variation. The Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire assessed dietary restraint. Underreporting was higher in men and women reporting current dieting than nondieters (P<0.001) and higher in high-restrained (P<0.001) than low-restrained. When stratified by body mass index category, in men these associations were only significant in the overweight (P<0.001). Dieting was associated with greater underreporting in both lean (P<0.01) and overweight women (P<0.001). Underreporting was higher in lean high-restrained women than low-restrained (P=0.02), but similar in overweight women regardless of restraint score. Questions to assess dietary restraint and current dieting may be useful tools to identify and evaluate underreporting at an individual level in dietary surveys.
在大多数饮食研究中，低报现象普遍存在，因此需要可靠地识别可能低报能量摄入的个体的方法。在一项英国代表性调查中，研究了除体重状况外，关于自我报告节食和饮食节制的问题是否能识别出可能低报能量摄入的个体。根据668名男性和826名女性的7天饮食记录计算每日平均能量摄入量。报告的身体活动用于确定每个受试者的活动水平，并根据已发表的公式计算估计能量需求。低报量的计算方法是估计能量需求减去能量摄入量，并对每日变化进行调整。荷兰饮食行为问卷评估饮食节制情况。报告当前节食的男性和女性的低报率高于非节食者（P<0.001），高节制者的低报率高于低节制者（P<0.001）。按体重指数类别分层时，在男性中，这些关联仅在超重人群中显著（P<0.001）。节食与瘦女性（P<0.01）和超重女性（P<0.001）中更高的低报率相关。瘦的高节制女性的低报率高于低节制女性（P=0.02），但超重女性的低报率与节制得分无关，情况相似。评估饮食节制和当前节食情况的问题可能是在饮食调查中识别和评估个体层面低报情况的有用工具。
