Kramer Sophia E, Kapteyn Theo S, Houtgast Tammo
Dept of ENT/Audioloy, EMGO Institute, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Int J Audiol. 2006 Sep;45(9):503-12. doi: 10.1080/14992020600754583.
This study compares the occupational performance of employees with and without hearing impairment, and aims to identify occupational difficulties specifically related to hearing loss. The Amsterdam Checklist for Hearing and Work was administered to 150 hearing-impaired employees and 60 normally-hearing colleagues. A multivariate analysis of variance was performed to test group effects, and to examine differences between means. Factors predicting sick-leave were identified by regression analyses. A significant group effect (p < 0.01) was found. Hearing-impaired employees differed from normally-hearing colleagues in their perception of 'environmental noise', 'job control' and the 'necessity to use hearing activities' at work. Also, sick-leave due to distress occurred significantly more often in the hearing impaired group (p < 0.05). 'Hearing impairment', 'job demand', and the requirement to 'recognize/distinguish between sounds' were the strongest risk-factors for stress related sick-leave. The importance of hearing functions besides speech communication is discussed. Implications for rehabilitation are suggested. In future research, hearing loss should be considered as a risk factor for fatigue and mental distress which may lead to sick-leave.
本研究比较了有听力障碍和无听力障碍员工的职业表现，旨在确定与听力损失具体相关的职业困难。对150名有听力障碍的员工和60名听力正常的同事进行了《阿姆斯特丹听力与工作检查表》评估。进行了多变量方差分析以检验组间效应，并检查均值之间的差异。通过回归分析确定了预测病假的因素。发现了显著的组间效应（p < 0.01）。有听力障碍的员工在对“环境噪音”、“工作控制”以及工作中“使用听力活动的必要性”的认知上与听力正常的同事不同。此外，因痛苦导致的病假在听力障碍组中显著更频繁出现（p < 0.05）。“听力障碍”、“工作需求”以及“识别/区分声音”的要求是与压力相关病假的最强风险因素。讨论了除言语交流之外听力功能的重要性。提出了对康复的启示。在未来的研究中，听力损失应被视为可能导致病假的疲劳和精神痛苦的一个风险因素。
