Farrington-Darby T, Wilson John R, Norris B J, Clarke Theresa
Centre for Rail Human Factors, Institute of Occupational Ergonomics, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.
Ergonomics. 2006;49(12-13):1370-94. doi: 10.1080/00140130600613000.
There is an increasing prevalence for work to be analysed through naturalistic study, especially using ethnographically derived methods of enquiry and qualitative field research. The relatively unexplored domain of railway control (in comparison to signalling) in the UK is described in terms of features derived from observations and semi-structured interviews. In addition, task diagrams (a technique taken from the Applied Cognitive Task Analysis toolkit) are used to represent controllers' core elements of work, i.e. to manage events or incidents, and to identify the challenging steps in the process. The work features identified, the task diagrams, and the steps identified as challenging form a basis from which future ergonomics studies on railway controllers in the UK will be carried out.
通过自然主义研究对工作进行分析的情况越来越普遍，尤其是使用源自人种学的调查方法和定性实地研究。本文根据观察和半结构化访谈得出的特征，描述了英国铁路控制（与信号系统相比）这一相对未被探索的领域。此外，任务图（一种源自应用认知任务分析工具包的技术）被用于呈现控制人员的核心工作内容，即管理事件或事故，并识别过程中的具有挑战性的步骤。所确定的工作特征、任务图以及被确定为具有挑战性的步骤，构成了未来在英国对铁路控制人员进行人体工程学研究的基础。
