Todd Gail
Division of Dermatology, University of Cape Town, Faculty of Health Sciences, Nard 623, Cape Town, South Africa.
Dermatol Clin. 2006 Oct;24(4):459-72, vi. doi: 10.1016/j.det.2006.06.008.
Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are common and mostly avoidable. Some ADRs cannot as yet be predicted, but at-risk populations/patients and high-risk drugs are identifiable. HIV-infected patients are at risk of developing cutaneous ADRs, especially Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, and drug hypersensitivity syndrome. Multiple factors of causation variably present in patients with HIV infection best explain the pathogenesis of these cutaneous ADRs. When no effective alternate therapy is available, drug rechallenge in HIV-infected patients can be attempted with little morbidity or mortality if done according to rationalized protocols.
药物不良反应（ADR）很常见，且大多可以避免。有些ADR目前尚无法预测，但可以识别出高危人群/患者以及高风险药物。感染HIV的患者有发生皮肤ADR的风险，尤其是史蒂文斯-约翰逊综合征、中毒性表皮坏死松解症和药物超敏反应综合征。HIV感染患者中多种不同的致病因素共同作用，最能解释这些皮肤ADR的发病机制。当没有有效的替代疗法时，如果按照合理的方案进行，对感染HIV的患者进行药物再激发试验时，其发病率和死亡率可能较低。
