Arguello P Alexander, Gogos Joseph A
Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, USA.
Neuron. 2006 Oct 5;52(1):179-96. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2006.09.023.
Mouse models that recapitulate the full phenotypic spectrum of a psychiatric disorder, such as schizophrenia, are impossible. However, a more piecemeal recreation of phenotypic components is feasible and promises to harness the power of animal models using approaches that are either off limits or confounded by drug treatment in humans. In that context, animal models will have a central and indispensable role in the process of discovering the causes of psychiatric disorders and generating novel, mechanism-based treatments. Here, we discuss current approaches used to generate animal models of psychiatric disorders, address the different components of these disorders that can be modeled in animals, and describe currently available analytical tools. We also discuss accumulating empirical data and take an in-depth look at what we believe to be the future of animal models made possible by recent advances in psychiatric genetics.
重现精神疾病（如精神分裂症）完整表型谱的小鼠模型是不可能实现的。然而，对表型成分进行更零碎的重现是可行的，并且有望利用动物模型的力量，采用在人类中因药物治疗而无法使用或受到混淆的方法。在这种情况下，动物模型将在发现精神疾病病因和开发基于机制的新型治疗方法的过程中发挥核心且不可或缺的作用。在此，我们讨论用于生成精神疾病动物模型的当前方法，阐述这些疾病中可在动物身上建模的不同成分，并描述当前可用的分析工具。我们还讨论了积累的实证数据，并深入探讨我们认为精神遗传学近期进展所带来的动物模型的未来。
