Sorichter Stephan, Martin Maria, Julius Peter, Schwirtz Ansgar, Huonker Martin, Luttmann Werner, Walterspacher Stephan, Berg Aloys
Department of Pneumology, University Hospital Freiburg, Germany.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2006 Oct;38(10):1739-45. doi: 10.1249/01.mss.0000230213.62743.fb.
To test the hypothesis that long-term immunological response may be different after accustomed concentric and unaccustomed eccentric exercise in endurance-trained men.
Fourteen highly endurance-trained male runners performed two bouts of high-intensity exercise with at least 2-wk intervals between bouts. Concentric exercise consisted of a 60-min level run with a targeted heart rate of 80% VO2 peak. Eccentric exercise was conducted lying on a specially designed exercise rack, eliciting eccentric action of the musculus quadriceps femoris. Blood samples were taken before and 1, 6, 24, 72, and 144 h after exercise to determine creatine kinase (CK), C-reactive protein (CRP), and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Lymphocyte subset distribution was assessed using flow cytometry.
We found a significant (P < 0.05) increase of CD4 (eccentric: 17%; concentric: 20%), CD3+/CD4+ (16 vs 19%), CD25+ (45 vs 29%), CD25+/CD4+ (27 vs 50%), HLA-DR+ (20 vs 15%), HLA-DR+/CD4+ (16 vs 67%), and CD19+/CD45+ (52 vs 103%) positive lymphocytes 1 h after both exercise bouts. However, eccentric exercise resulted in a significantly higher and longer (6 h) increase of CD25+/CD4+ and HLA-DR+/CD8+ lymphocytes and a peak increase of CK at 72 h. IL-6 and CRP increased only after concentric exercise within the first 24 h. Both exercises resulted in a decrease of monocyte activation (LFA-1: CD18+/CD11a+) after 6 h, with an increase for the eccentric exercise part after 24 h (P < 0.05).
Accustomed concentric exercise mainly induced an acute-phase response, with increased CRP, IL-6, and activation of CD4 lymphocyte subsets. Unaccustomed eccentric exercise provided a delayed increase in CK and activation of monocytes and CD4+ and CD8+ subsets. Therefore, the immunological reaction depends not only on the type of contraction but also on the adaptation to the exercise.
验证耐力训练男性进行习惯性向心运动和非习惯性离心运动后长期免疫反应可能不同这一假设。
14名耐力训练水平较高的男性跑步者进行了两轮高强度运动，两轮运动之间至少间隔2周。向心运动包括以80%的最大摄氧量峰值为目标心率进行60分钟的匀速跑步。离心运动是躺在专门设计的运动架上进行，引发股四头肌的离心动作。在运动前以及运动后1、6、24、72和144小时采集血样，以测定肌酸激酶（CK）、C反应蛋白（CRP）和白细胞介素-6（IL-6）。使用流式细胞术评估淋巴细胞亚群分布。
我们发现，两轮运动后1小时，CD4（离心运动：17%；向心运动：20%）、CD3+/CD4+（16%对19%）、CD25+（45%对29%）、CD25+/CD4+（27%对50%）、HLA-DR+（20%对15%）、HLA-DR+/CD4+（16%对67%）以及CD19+/CD45+（52%对103%）阳性淋巴细胞均有显著（P<0.05）增加。然而，离心运动导致CD25+/CD4+和HLA-DR+/CD8+淋巴细胞显著且持续时间更长（6小时）地增加，并在72小时时CK达到峰值。IL-6和CRP仅在向心运动后的最初24小时内增加。两种运动均导致6小时后单核细胞活化（LFA-1：CD18+/CD11a+）降低，离心运动部分在24小时后增加（P<0.05）。
习惯性向心运动主要引发急性期反应，表现为CRP、IL-6增加以及CD4淋巴细胞亚群活化。非习惯性离心运动导致CK延迟增加以及单核细胞、CD4+和CD8+亚群活化。因此，免疫反应不仅取决于收缩类型，还取决于对运动的适应情况。
