Duan Z G, Yan X J, He X Z, Zhou H, Chen P, Cao R, Xiong J X, Hu W J, Wang X C, Liang S P
College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, People's Republic of China.
Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol. 2006 Nov-Dec;145(3-4):350-7. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2006.08.006. Epub 2006 Sep 5.
Black widow spiders (genus Latrodectus) have attracted increasing attention due to frequently reported human injuries caused by them and the potential applications of biologically active components in their venoms. Although a number of studies have described the biological properties and structures of several venomous proteins such as latrotoxins, a comprehensive analysis of protein component of the venom from the spider is not available. We used combinative proteomic strategies to assess the protein components of the crude venom collected from Latrodectus tredecimguttatus by extracting the dissected venom glands. The experiments demonstrated that the crude venom of L. tredecimguttatus has a high abundance of acidic proteins with molecular masses greater than 15 kDa, and the content of proteins and peptides of below 15 kDa is low. 86 unique proteins were identified, part of which were contaminations of cellular components during the extraction, determined in comparison with venom obtained by electrostimulation. Except for members of latrotoxin family that were commonly considered as the primary toxic components of the venom, several other special enzymes and proteins were detected such as protease, phosphatase, lysozyme, inhibitory protein, and so on. These protein components, particularly the proteases, were speculated to play important roles in the action of L. tredecimguttatus venom.
黑寡妇蜘蛛（寇蛛属）因其频繁导致人类受伤以及其毒液中生物活性成分的潜在应用而受到越来越多的关注。尽管已有多项研究描述了几种有毒蛋白质（如α- latrotoxin毒素）的生物学特性和结构，但尚未对该蜘蛛毒液的蛋白质成分进行全面分析。我们采用组合蛋白质组学策略，通过提取解剖后的毒腺来评估从红斑寇蛛收集的粗毒液的蛋白质成分。实验表明，红斑寇蛛的粗毒液富含分子量大于15 kDa的酸性蛋白质，而分子量低于15 kDa的蛋白质和肽含量较低。鉴定出了86种独特的蛋白质，其中部分是提取过程中细胞成分的污染，这是通过与电刺激获得的毒液进行比较确定的。除了通常被认为是毒液主要毒性成分的α- latrotoxin毒素家族成员外，还检测到了其他几种特殊的酶和蛋白质，如蛋白酶、磷酸酶、溶菌酶、抑制性蛋白质等。推测这些蛋白质成分，尤其是蛋白酶，在红斑寇蛛毒液的作用中发挥重要作用。
