Dubuffet A, Dupas S, Frey F, Drezen J-M, Poirié M, Carton Y
IRBI, Université François-Rabelais, Parc Grandmont, Tours, France.
Heredity (Edinb). 2007 Jan;98(1):21-7. doi: 10.1038/sj.hdy.6800893. Epub 2006 Oct 11.
Coevolutionary arms races between hosts and parasites would not occur without genetic variation for traits involved in the outcome of parasitism. Genetic variations in resistance and virulence have only rarely been described in pairwise host-parasitoid interactions and have never been analysed in multi-species interactions, in contrast to well-characterized plant-pathogen interactions. This paper reports genetic variation in resistance of Drosophila yakuba to the parasitoid wasp Leptopilina boulardi. The genetic basis and geographic distribution of resistance is analysed. On the basis of these and previous findings, we demonstrate that there are different resistance patterns to the parasitoid species L. boulardi in D. melanogaster and D. yakuba, as well as different specificity levels in the parasitoid species, suggesting complex ecological interactions in the field. This first description of resistance-virulence genetic interactions between a parasitoid and its two host species provides empirical data showing that multi-species interactions may greatly influence coevolutionary processes.
如果没有寄生结果所涉及性状的遗传变异，宿主与寄生虫之间的协同进化军备竞赛就不会发生。与特征明确的植物-病原体相互作用相比，抗性和毒力的遗传变异在宿主-寄生蜂的成对相互作用中很少被描述，在多物种相互作用中从未被分析过。本文报道了雅库布果蝇对寄生蜂布拉迪细蜂的抗性遗传变异。分析了抗性的遗传基础和地理分布。基于这些以及之前的研究结果，我们证明黑腹果蝇和雅库布果蝇对寄生蜂物种布拉迪细蜂存在不同的抗性模式，寄生蜂物种也存在不同的特异性水平，这表明在野外存在复杂的生态相互作用。对一种寄生蜂与其两个宿主物种之间抗性-毒力遗传相互作用的首次描述提供了实证数据，表明多物种相互作用可能极大地影响协同进化过程。
