Gotoh T, Noda H, Ito S
Laboratory of Applied Entomology and Zoology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, Ami, Ibaraki 300-0393, Japan.
Heredity (Edinb). 2007 Jan;98(1):13-20. doi: 10.1038/sj.hdy.6800881. Epub 2006 Oct 11.
Intracellular symbiotic bacteria belonging to the Cytophaga-Flavobacterium-Bacteroides lineage have recently been described and are widely distributed in arthropod species. The newly discovered bacteria, named Cardinium sp, cause the expression of various reproductive alterations in their arthropod hosts, including cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI), induction of parthenogenesis and feminization of genetic males. We detected 16S ribosomal DNA sequences similar to those of Cardinium from seven populations of five spider mite species, suggesting a broad distribution of infection of Cardinium in spider mites. To clarify the effect of Cardinium on the reproductive traits of the infected spider mites, infected mites were crossed with uninfected mites for each population. In one of the populations, Eotetranychus suginamensis, CI was induced when infected males were crossed with uninfected females. The other six populations of four species showed no reproductive abnormalities in the F(1) generation, but the possibility of CI effects in the F(2) generation remains to be tested. One species of spider mite, Tetranychus pueraricola, harbored both Cardinium and Wolbachia, but these symbionts seemed to have no effect on the reproduction of the host, even when the host was infected independently with each symbiont.
属于噬纤维菌-黄杆菌-拟杆菌谱系的细胞内共生细菌最近已被描述，并且广泛分布于节肢动物物种中。这种新发现的细菌名为卡定菌属（Cardinium sp），会在其节肢动物宿主中引发各种生殖变化，包括细胞质不亲和性（CI）、孤雌生殖诱导以及遗传雄性的雌性化。我们从5种叶螨的7个种群中检测到了与卡定菌16S核糖体DNA序列相似的序列，这表明卡定菌在叶螨中的感染分布广泛。为了阐明卡定菌对受感染叶螨生殖性状的影响，我们将每个种群的受感染叶螨与未受感染叶螨进行杂交。在其中一个种群，即杉叶螨（Eotetranychus suginamensis）中，当受感染的雄性与未受感染的雌性杂交时会诱导产生细胞质不亲和性。另外4种叶螨的6个种群在F1代未表现出生殖异常，但F2代中细胞质不亲和性效应的可能性仍有待测试。一种叶螨，即葛叶螨（Tetranychus pueraricola）同时携带卡定菌和沃尔巴克氏体，但这些共生菌似乎对宿主的繁殖没有影响，即使宿主单独感染每种共生菌时也是如此。
