智利精神疾病的地区差异。
Regional differences in psychiatric disorders in Chile.
作者信息
Vicente Benjamin, Kohn Robert, Rioseco Pedro, Saldivia Sandra, Navarrette Gonzalo, Veloso Paula, Torres Silverio
机构信息
Depto. de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 60-C, Concepción, Chile.
出版信息
Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2006 Dec;41(12):935-42. doi: 10.1007/s00127-006-0124-5. Epub 2006 Oct 11.
BACKGROUND
Psychiatric epidemiological surveys in developing countries are rare and are frequently conducted in regions that are not necessarily representative of the entire country. In addition, in large countries with dispersed populations national rates may have low value for estimating the need for mental health services and programs.
METHODS
The Chile Psychiatric Prevalence Study using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview was conducted in four distinct regions of the country on a stratified random sample of 2,978 people. Lifetime and 12-month prevalence and service utilization rates were estimated.
RESULTS
Significant differences in the rates of major depressive disorder, substance abuse disorders, non-affective psychosis, and service utilization were found across the regions. The differential prevalence rates could not be accounted by socio-demographic differences between sites.
CONCLUSIONS
Regional differences across countries may exist that have both implications for prevalence rates and service utilization. Planning mental health services for population centers that span wide geographical areas based on studies conducted in a single region may be misleading, and may result in areas with high need being underserved.
背景
发展中国家的精神病流行病学调查很少见，且通常在不一定能代表整个国家的地区进行。此外，在人口分散的大国，全国患病率对于估计心理健康服务和项目的需求可能价值不大。
方法
智利精神病患病率研究采用综合国际诊断访谈，在该国四个不同地区对2978人进行分层随机抽样。估计了终生患病率和12个月患病率以及服务利用率。
结果
各地区在重度抑郁症、物质使用障碍、非情感性精神病和服务利用率方面存在显著差异。不同地区的患病率差异不能用各地点之间的社会人口统计学差异来解释。
结论
各国可能存在地区差异，这对患病率和服务利用率都有影响。基于在单个地区进行的研究为跨越广泛地理区域的人口中心规划心理健康服务可能会产生误导，并可能导致需求高的地区服务不足。
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