Yeomans Martin R, Mobini Sirous
Department of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom.
J Exp Psychol Anim Behav Process. 2006 Oct;32(4):460-6. doi: 10.1037/0097-7403.32.4.460.
To test whether expression of hedonic and sensory odor qualities acquired by association with sweet and bitter tastes depend on hunger state, hungry volunteers experienced odors paired with sucrose, quinine, or water and then were tested under different hunger states manipulated with energy preloads. Acquired liking for sucrose-paired odors was evident following a low-energy or control preload but not a high-energy preload; however, odor sweetness increased in all preload conditions. Acquired dislike and increased bitterness of quinine-paired odors were independent of preloading. These data demonstrate hunger-dependent expression of acquired liking for flavors through flavor-flavor associations in humans and demonstrate independence between acquired hedonic and sensory qualities of odors.
为了测试通过与甜味和苦味相关联而获得的享乐性和感官气味特质的表达是否依赖于饥饿状态，饥饿的志愿者体验了与蔗糖、奎宁或水配对的气味，然后在通过能量预负荷控制的不同饥饿状态下接受测试。在低能量或对照预负荷后，对与蔗糖配对气味的习得性喜好很明显，但在高能量预负荷后则不然；然而，在所有预负荷条件下，气味的甜度都增加了。对与奎宁配对气味的习得性厌恶和苦味增加与预负荷无关。这些数据证明了人类通过气味-气味关联对风味的习得性喜好存在饥饿依赖性表达，并证明了气味的习得性享乐特质和感官特质之间的独立性。
