Stratos Georgette A, Katz Sara, Bergen Merlynn R, Hallenbeck James
Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94304, USA.
Acad Med. 2006 Nov;81(11):1000-7. doi: 10.1097/01.ACM.0000242475.41549.66.
To address serious deficiencies in physician training in end-of-life care, the authors developed and disseminated a faculty development curriculum. The overall goals of this curriculum were to enhance physician competence in end-of-life care, foster a commitment to improving care for the dying, and improve teaching related to end-of-life care. The authors provide descriptions of the curriculum and the train-the-trainer programs (2000-2002) that successfully prepared 17 medical faculty as in-house end-of-life care faculty developers at institutions nationwide. They also report on a study of the effects of the 16-hour, end-of-life care curriculum delivered by trained facilitators to 62 faculty and residents at their home sites. Program evaluation showed that the home-site seminars enhanced the knowledge, skills, and attitudes of participating faculty and residents. When project evaluation concluded in 2003, trained facilitators had disseminated the 16-hour curriculum as well as modified versions of the curriculum to approximately 3,400 medical teachers. An adapted version of the curriculum is available on the Internet for use in health professions education. The importance of this type of faculty development effort was confirmed by the positive impact of the 16-hour curriculum on participants' knowledge, skills, and attitudes related to end-of-life care, the high ratings of the program's educational and clinical relevance, and the finding that, on average, more than 50% of the material was new to them.
为解决临终关怀方面医生培训的严重不足，作者开发并推广了一项教师发展课程。该课程的总体目标是提高医生在临终关怀方面的能力，培养改善临终患者护理的责任感，并改进与临终关怀相关的教学。作者介绍了该课程以及培训培训师项目（2000 - 2002年），这些项目成功地将17名医学教师培养成为全国各机构内部的临终关怀教师开发者。他们还报告了一项研究，该研究由经过培训的主持人向62名教师和住院医师在其工作地点提供了为期16小时的临终关怀课程。项目评估表明，工作地点研讨会提高了参与教师和住院医师的知识、技能和态度。当2003年项目评估结束时，经过培训的主持人已将16小时课程以及该课程的修改版本传播给了大约3400名医学教师。该课程的改编版本可在互联网上获取，用于卫生专业教育。16小时课程对参与者与临终关怀相关的知识、技能和态度产生了积极影响，该项目在教育和临床相关性方面获得了高评分，并且发现平均而言，超过50%的内容对他们来说是新的，这些都证实了这种教师发展努力的重要性。
