Elmore Susan A
Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences/NIH, 111 Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.
Toxicol Pathol. 2006;34(5):666-86. doi: 10.1080/01926230600939971.
Changes in bone marrow cellularity can be an indicator of systemic toxicity and, therefore, bone marrow should be included in the battery of tissues examined for enhanced histopathology. However, the majority of changes in the bone marrow that are observed in toxicology studies are a response to hematological changes or lesions elsewhere in the body. For this reason, a consideration of all tissue changes in the body is required in order to differentiate toxic effects versus physiological responses in the bone marrow. While enhanced histopathology involves evaluation of the separate compartments in each lymphoid organ using descriptive rather than interpretive terminology, bone marrow is unique in that it lacks specific compartments. Furthermore, identification of erythroid, myeloid, megakaryocytic, and stromal cells, plus adipose tissue and hemosiderin-laden macrophages, can be accomplished from conventional H&E-stained sections, but conclusive identification of lymphoid lineage cells is not likely. This limits the extent of initial enhanced histopathology on bone marrow and argues for the use of cytological preparations for more comprehensive assessment of potential immunomodulatory effects.
骨髓细胞成分的变化可能是全身毒性的一个指标，因此，在用于增强组织病理学检查的一系列组织中应包括骨髓。然而，在毒理学研究中观察到的骨髓中的大多数变化是对身体其他部位血液学变化或病变的反应。因此，需要考虑身体所有组织的变化，以便区分骨髓中的毒性作用与生理反应。虽然增强组织病理学涉及使用描述性而非解释性术语评估每个淋巴器官中的不同区室，但骨髓是独特的，因为它没有特定的区室。此外，通过传统的苏木精-伊红（H&E）染色切片可以识别红系、髓系、巨核系和基质细胞，以及脂肪组织和含铁血黄素的巨噬细胞，但不太可能对淋巴系细胞进行确切识别。这限制了骨髓初始增强组织病理学的范围，并支持使用细胞学制剂对潜在的免疫调节作用进行更全面的评估。
